It allows you to provide an intuitive interface to users of your class, plus makes it possible for templates to work equally well with classes and built-in/intrinsic types. Operator overloading allows C/C++ operators to have user-defined meanings on user-defined types (classes). Overloaded operators are syntactic sugar for function calls: Fred f(const Fred& a, const Fred& b, const Fred& c) { re...

This paper investigates the forecasting accuracy of alternative time series models when augmented with partial least-squares (PLS) components extracted from economic data, such as Federal Reserve Economic Data, well Monthly Database (FRED-MD). Our results indicate that PLS FRED-MD data reduce error linear models, ARIMA and SARIMA, but produce poor forecasts during high-volatility periods. In co...

This paper describes an interface that was developed for processing large amounts of human judgments of linguistically annotated data. Fred‟s Reusable Evaluation Device (“Fred”) provides administrators with a tool to submit linguistic evaluation tasks to judges. Each evaluation task is then presented to exactly two judges, who can submit their judgments at their own leisure. Fred then provides ...

OBJECT The aim of this study is to demonstrate the differences between the new Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS Blue) stenting device and the Flow Redirection Endoluminal Device (FRED) using a series of bench-top evaluations and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images in a cadaveric preparation of the basilar artery. METHODS The first part of the evaluation was bench-top mi...

A recent publication proposed a framework for evaluating complex policies and complex situations grounded in the interaction of four elements – simplicity, inventiveness, flexibility, and specificity. In a foreword, Elliott Stern commented on the legacy of a systems approach based on the work of influential thinkers (Ludwig von Bertalanffy, James Miller, Fred Emery, Eric Trist, Stafford Beer, R...