Dear Editor, Reticulate pigmentary disorders (RPD) is a term used to classify a spectrum of several acquired and congenital disorders. Different clinical features can be present, including a reticular pattern and a freckle-like pattern with hyperor hypo-pigmented macules (1). Dowling-Degos disease (DDD), an autosomal dominant genodermatosis, is the main type of RPD (2). Clinically, DDD presents...

A 3-year-old boy visited the Department of Plastic Surgery of our hospital, complaining of a painful nodule on the hand which had existed since birth. Physical examination revealed a skin-colored, smooth, small nodule on the left thumb [Figure 1a]. Neither palmar hyperhidrosis nor finger hyperplasia was observed. In addition, the patient had a depigmented macule on the left abdomen [Figure 1b] ...

Purpose To investigate the role of sunlight exposure in iris freckles formation. Methods We prospectively examined volunteers attending a skin cancer screening program conducted by ophthalmologists and dermatologists. Frequency and topographical variability of iris freckles were noted and associated with behavioral and dermatologic characteristics indicating high sun exposure. Results Six h...

AIM To explore whether disparities exist in melanoma incidence and prognosis between White Hispanics and White non-Hispanics. METHODS Analyses were based on 42,770 patients with malignant melanoma in the United States, 2004 through 2006. RESULTS Hispanics were significantly less likely to be diagnosed with superficial spreading melanoma or Hutchinson's melanotic freckle, but significantly m...

Figure 2. DNA sequence of the patient’s ADAR1 gene, from c.1099 to c.1121. The boxed c.1110_1111CA was deleted in the mutant sequence of the case, which leaded to a frame-shift and resulted in a stop at codon 373. Deletion of the two nucleotides occurred at the point marked with an arrow. Dear Editor, A 5-year-old boy was referred to our clinic because of pigmentation involving the hands and fe...

Basal cell carcinoma (basalioma, BCC) is the most common skin cancer and the most common human malignancy in general, with a continuously increasing incidence. In most cases, BCC develops on chronically sun-exposed skin in elderly people, most commonly in the head and neck region. Besides chronic UV radiation, other risk factors for the development of BCC include sun bed use, family history of ...

Ocular melanocytic lesions comprise a spectrum of lesions ranging from benign nevi to invasive melanoma. Clinical and histopathological appearance of conjunctival lesions ranges from freckle to lentigo and to nevi. Between these types, conjunctival nevi and conjunctival melanosis are the most frequent. Conjunctival and uveal melanocytes are derived from the neural crest, as their cutaneous coun...

Convective instabilities responsible for misoriented grains (freckle defects) in directionally solidified turbine airfoils are produced by variations in liquid–metal density with composition and temperature across the solidification zone. Here, fundamental properties of molten Ni-based alloys, required for modeling these instabilities, are calculated using ab initio molecular dynamics simulatio...

Lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) is a slowly growing tumor of elderly white population. It typically develops on chronically sun-exposed skin of the head and neck area which indicates that the cumulative exposure to the UV radiation has crucial role in the development of LMM. Precursor lesion is lentigo maligna (LM) which commonly presents as an irregular brownish pigmented macular lesion persist...

BACKGROUND Since its initial description by Jonathan Hutchinson 120 years ago, a substantial amount of research has occurred to determine the optimum surgical therapy for lentigo maligna (LM). OBJECTIVE To summarize the literature regarding the surgical treatment of LM. METHODS We searched the National Library of Medicine using Pubmed Central and MEDLINE and included as many investigational...