AIMS Inflammation is a key factor in the development of plaque rupture and acute cardiovascular events. Although imaging techniques can be used to identify vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, we are lacking non-invasive methods, such as plasma markers of plaque inflammation that could help to identify presence of vulnerable plaques. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether increa...

Act as Coreceptors 1 β 4 α and 3 β v α Integrins

It is hard to imagine, given the wealth of new data reported over the recent past, that adipose tissue at one time was primarily considered as a passive reservoir for energy deposition and storage. However, research beginning in the early 1990s on the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a ushered in a new era of investigation, and since that time, there has been an incredibly rapid and substant...

This study raises the exciting possibility that mimicking the effects of fractalkine may control microglia activation and provide neuroprotection in a variety of neurological diseases featuring neuroinflammation. Some success has already been achieved in preclinical models of neurodegenerative diseases by targeting neuroinflammation through the inhibition of microglial activation with agents li...

PURPOSE Adipose tissue inflammation plays a role in atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aimed to investigate whether 12 months of exercise training in patients with both T2DM and coronary artery disease (CAD) reduced the genetic expression of the proinflammatory markers fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor (CX3CR1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the subcutaneous a...

1. Pan Y, Lloyd C, Zhou H, Dolich S, Deeds J, Gonzalo JA, Vath J, Gosselin M, Ma J, Dussault B, et al. Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation. Nature 1997;387:611–617. 2. Bazan JF, Bacon KB, Hardiman G, Wang W, Greaves DR, Zlotnik A, Schall TJ. A new class of membrane-bound chemokine with a CX 3 C motif. Nature 1997;385:640–644. 3. Rossi D, Zlotnik A. The b...

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, perform elaborate surveillance in which they physically interact with neuronal elements. A novel form of microglia-neuron interaction named microglial process convergence (MPC) toward neuronal axons and dendrites has recently been described. However, the molecular regulators and pathological relevance of MPC have not been explored. Here, using ...