J. Visser Th. J. M. Jeurnink NIZO, 6710 BA Ede, Netherlands N A general overview is given of the main factors in the fouling of processing equipment used for heating dairy fluids. The data collected indicate that the primary step in fouling is the adsorption of a monolayer of proteins onto the wall of the heating equipment at room temperature. Real fouling (i.e., the formation of macroscopic la...

Better understanding (and so better control) of the stickiness phenomenon of drying sludge is critical for proper operation of a variety of industrial dryers, as is the case for the combined centrifuge-dryer system used on the Monsanto Europe site in Antwerp, Belgium. In this paper a binary logistic regression analysis is performed on a 4-years data base, which resulted in an empirical model fo...

In conventional activated sludge (CAS) involving aerobic biological processes, the retention of silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) has no detrimental effect on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) removal. However, for the membrane bioreactor (MBR) system, which is also based on the activated sludge process in addition to the membrane separation process, it has implications no...

the propose of this paper is to introduce a new model for crude oil fouling in preheat trains of crude distillation unit. the experimental results of australian light crude oil with the tube side surface temperatures between 200-260 oc and fluid velocity ranged 0.25 to 0.4m/s were used. the activation energy of chemical reaction depends on the surface temperature has been calculated.  the model...

This paper aims to broaden a better understanding of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and its impact on fouling in membrane bioreactor (MBR). Some fundamental knowledge about EPS and MBR fouling was covered in this paper in several aspects including definition of EPS, evaluation of EPS, influencing factors on EPS production and responsibility of EPS on MBR fouling mechanisms.

Membrane-based separation has gained increased popularity over the past few decades, particularly reverse osmosis (RO). A major impediment to improved performance of membrane processes, in general, is fouling. Fouling detrimental effects on membrane’s and integrity, as deposition accumulation foulants its surface and/or within pores leads a decline permeate flux, deterioration selectivity, perm...

This paper presents the results of an investigation on the effects of concentration of cations on activated sludge properties and membrane fouling in submerge membrane bioreactors. The working volume of the experimental setup was two liters. The cellulose acetate membrane was immersed in the bioreactor. The flocculability, settling properties and fouling propensity of activated sludge was measu...

The modern challenges for membrane separations in a wide range of processes require more sophisticated approaches for the detection and remediation of fouling, i.e., the association of solutes, particulate matter, and colloids on and/or within a membrane. Most commonly, fouling is assessed from inferred measurements of permeation rate and/or permeate quality. The use of acoustic techniques for ...

The translation of batch chemistries onto continuous flow platforms requires addressing the issues of consistent fluidic behaviour, channel fouling and high-throughput processing. Droplet microfluidic technologies reduce channel fouling and provide an improved level of control over heat and mass transfer to control reaction kinetics. However, in conventional geometries, the droplet size is sens...

l. Results of a study on lethal and sublethal responses of different size groups of the tropical brown mussel, Perna indica, when exposed to different temperatures are presented. 2. Exposure to a temperature of 38°C showed 100% mortality of 9 mm size group mussels in 120 min. 3. Mortality was dependent on age (size) of the mussels, young ones being more susceptible than older ones. 4. All size ...