The iron and steel industry is the second largest user of energy in the world industrial sector and is currently highly dependent on fossil fuels and electricity. Substituting fossil fuels with renewable energy in the iron and steel industry would make an important contribution to the efforts to reduce emissions of CO2. However, different approaches to assessing CO2 emissions from biomass and e...

Fuel cell is one of the best alternatives of fossil energy. However, there are still two barriers: the durability and reliability, which block the wide application of fuel cells. To overcome these barriers, fault diagnosis is an efficient solution. This paper proposes a method for detection of common faults occurring in membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) of fuel cells using image processing to...

-Starting with information from Indian Point 1, a full size nuclear plant with fossil-fuel superheat which was built and operated, this paper examines the effect of superheat on both energy and exergy performance, as well as on the thermoeconomics of such plants. The study finds that adding superheat to the nearly saturated steam generated by water-cooled nuclear reactors increases the amount o...

When entering the field of wave energy utilization it is relevant to ask—why is it important to start utilizing this resource? The reasons for this are shared with other renewable energy sources, such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass and other ocean energy forms such as tidal, currents, thermal and salinity driven systems. The key issues that the use of renewable energy sources can help to overco...

Fossil fuel derived pollutants (SO2, NO), dry air and cold increase the incidence of S. pneumoniae infections http://ow.ly/RnLW30gogb1.

Population growth, industrialisation worldwide and the consequent increase in the use of fossil fuels such as petroleum contribute to the advancement of environmental damage. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, which contributes to an increase in the earth's greenhouse effect and climatic change (Balat & Balat, 2010). Factors such as increased demand for ener...

The concept of the smart grid has been gaining more and more attention worldwide since it was proposed by the U.S. Electric Power Research Institute in 2001. Recently, it has been propelled again by the promotion of low carbon economies in developing countries. To satisfy the exponential increase in electricity demand and alleviate environmental degradation caused by fossil fuel-based power gen...

In December 2015 the nations of the world agreed, in principle, to limit global warming to no more than 2 ◦C above pre-industrial levels. In order to achieve this goal, recent publications have shown that (1) more than 50% of known fossil fuel reserves need to remain unused, and (2) the timing of the transition away from fossil fuels needs to achieve 50% renewable energy by 2028, an expansion o...

After a four-year period during which crude oil was trading at an average of $115/bl (Baffes et al, 2015), prices started to plummet in June 2014, raising immediate concerns about the resilience of energy transition processes. At that time, some argued that the expansion of clean energy solutions would not be derailed, referring inter alia to the cyclical nature of oil prices; because a swift r...