The present study was carried out to introduce foreign DNA from pituitary gland of broiler breeder chickens (BBDNA) or Japanese quails (JQ-DNA) individually into the embryonic cell of Gimmizah chickens, in order to determine the effect of transformed chicken embryos with foreign DNA on blood hematology and biochemical traits, as well as semen characteristics. The results revealed that : 1There ...

In previous communications (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) it has been shown that foreign substances, including a vital dye, a ferric salt, and a foreign protein, injected into an inflamed area were fixed in situ and failed to reach the regional lymphatic nodes as readily as under ordinary circumstances. When these same substances were injected into the circulating blood stream, they rapidly entered the sit...

To enhance the production efficiency of foreign protein in baculovirus expression systems, the effects of polyhedrin fragments were investigated by fusion expressing them with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Recombinant viruses were generated to express EGFP fused with polyhedrin fragments based on the previously reported minimal region for self-assembly and the KRKK nuclear loca...

A cyanobacterial expression vector was constructed using ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) promoter and terminator sequences derived from Synechococcus PCC 6301. recombinant plasmid, designated pARUB19, has an ampicillin-resistant (ApR) gene as a selectable marker and four unique restriction sites to allow the insertion of foreign genes. Using this vector, the luciferase...

The mechanism by which immature B cells are sequestered from encountering foreign antigens present in lymph nodes or sites of inflammation, before their final maturation in the spleen, has not been elucidated. We show here that immature B cells fail to home to the lymph nodes. These cells can actively exclude themselves from antigen-enriched sites by downregulating their integrin-mediated adhes...

Foreign plasma protein (horse) introduced parenterally into the protein fasting dog is not utilized in the body economy. Its fate appears to be disintegration and elimination as excess urinary nitrogen. This is totally different from the fate of dog plasma protein under similar conditions. Dog hemoglobin given parenterally to the protein fasting dog is not utilized as is dog plasma protein to k...

Immune responses to some monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and biologic proteins interfere with their efficacy due to the development of anti-drug antibodies (ADA). In the case of mAbs, most ADA target 'foreign' sequences present in the complementarity determining regions (CDRs). Humanization of the mAb sequence is one approach that has been used to render biologics less foreign to the human immune ...

Genes encoding proteins that carry out essential informational tasks in the cell, in particular where multiple interaction partners are involved, are less likely to be transferable to a foreign organism. Here, we investigated the constraints on transfer of a gene encoding a highly conserved informational protein, translation elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), by systematically replacing the endogeno...

Double-stranded (ds) RNA induces potent gene silencing, termed RNA interference (RNAi). At an early step in RNAi, an RNaseIII-related enzyme, Dicer (DCR-1), processes long-trigger dsRNA into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). DCR-1 is also required for processing endogenous regulatory RNAs called miRNAs, but how DCR-1 recognizes its endogenous and foreign substrates is not yet understood. Here we...