the natural frequency and pull-in instability of clamped-clamped nano-actuators in the presence of a dielectric layer are analyzed. the influence of the presence of casimir force, electrostatic force, fringing field effect, axial force, stretching effects and the size effect are taken into account. the governing equation of the dynamic response of the actuator is transformed in a non-dimensiona...

~aP+rr@r = ~~rTorp (84) The mass m though invariant in a Lorentz transformation is not necessarily a constant of the motion, even if the density p of the particle is constant, since m includes the thermodynamic internal energy Lsee Eq. (34)7. Included in the Minkowski force is a term which predicts a force on a particle when it exists in a temperature gradient, a force associated with the entro...

Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins from a larger family of major intrinsic proteins that formpores in the membrane of biological cells. Aquaporins form tetramers in the cell membrane with eachmonomer acting as a water channel.In this research, the AQP4 tetramer was modeled from its PDBstructure file, then, we have performed the intraction of aquaporin4 in different temperatures (298k,300...

in this work, the thermal reaction of aluminum (al) and nickel oxide (nio) was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. some effective features of reaction such as reaction temperature, the reaction mechanism, and diffusion rate of oxygen into aluminum structure were studied. reaxff force field was performed to study the al/nio thermite reaction behavior at five different temperatures (5...

We propose a modification of the generalized gradient vector flow field techniques based on a continuous force field analysis. At every iteration the generalized gradient vector flow method obtains a new, improved vector field. However, the numerical procedure always employs the original image to calculate the gradients used in the source term. The basic idea developed in this paper is to use t...