Inhalation of soluble chromium(VI) is firmly linked with higher risks of lung cancer in humans. However, comparative studies in rats have found a high lung tumorigenicity for moderately soluble chromates but no tumors for highly soluble chromates. These major species differences remain unexplained. We investigated the impact of extracellular reducers on responses of human and rat lung epithelia...

The first betaine chloride tetrachloroidoferrate(III) double salt, (Hbet)2Cl[FeCl4] = (Hbet)Cl·(Hbet)[FeCl4], was obtained from a solution of betaine hydrochloride (HbetCl) and FeCl3·6 H2O in water. The crystal structure (orthorhombic, Pbcm, a = 6.2717(13), b = 12.841(3), c = 25.693(5) Å, Z = 4) is characterized by layers of tetrachloridoferrate(III) anions separated by chloride-bridged, H-bond...

The major protein fraction, a-globulin, of sesame seed CS’esamum indicum L.) contains subunits which are associated predominantly by hydrophobic interactions. Effects of various salts show the following effectiveness of anions in dissociating the proteins, SO,*< Cl< Br< C104< SCN4 I< CCl,COO-, the first two members being association-inducing ions. CC1,COONa is found to be the most effective amo...

rocess and quality control are exP tremely important in achieving optimum production and they have a special place in continuously operating processes. Real-time process monitoring is the comerstone of maintaining an efficient electroplating process. For the steel industry, zinc and nickel electroplating processes used for anticorrosion treatmentl must be monitored to maintain certain standards...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Ru(C12H8N2)3](ClO4)2, contains one octahedrally coordinated Ru(II) cation of the ruthenium-phenanthroline complex and three differently occupied perchlorate anions: two, denoted A and B, are located on the twofold axis while another, denoted C, is positioned in the proximity of the twofold screw axis. Perchlorate anions B and C are severely disordered...

The major protein fraction, alpha-globulin, of sesame seed (Sesamum indicum L.) contains subunits which are associated predominantly by hydrophobic interactions. Effects of various salts show the following effectiveness of anions in dissociating the proteins, SO4(2-) less than Cl- less than Br- less than ClO4- less than SCN- less than or equal to I- less than CCl3COO-, the first two members bei...

The ideas fundamental to the design of cation complexing host molecules can also be applied in the construction of molecular hosts for anions. Following the basic concept the macrotricyclic ammonium hosts la and j& were prepared. They were shown to bind anions by encapsulation into their molecular cavities in aqueous solution. This inclusion process causes guest discrimination according to inte...

Density functional theory dispersion corrected (DFT-D3)calculations and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation were applied to investigate the sensing ability of four types of receptors (RCs) composed of the ortho-phenylenediamine based bis-ureas for selective complexation with the anions such as Cl–, Br–, OAC–, PhCO2–, H2PO4– and HSO4– in the gas phase and DMSO. On the basis of the data obtained fr...