Background: The validity of clinical measurements such as Arch Index for the evaluation of flat foot has not been fully established for the physicians. Objectives: We conducted this study to compare the Arch Index (AI) and Foot Posture Index (FPI) between normal and flat foot children and to assess the differences between the pattern of arch and score of FPI. Patients & Methods: Clinical measur...

Several factors have been associated with the presence of abnormally high plantar foot pressure including: (i) increased body weight, (ii) foot structure and (iii) walking strategy. It is predicted that the biomechanics of the foot is influenced by the structure of the foot, primarily the Medial Longitudinal Arch. The objective of this study was to examine if Body Mass Index and the foot arch h...

This paper proposes an approach to bounded tone shift and spread in Bantu languages. Its core intuition is that the bounding domain is delimited by foot structure. The approach uses layered foot representations to capture ternary phenomena, following Martı́nez-Paricio and Kager (forthcoming). A set of licensing and structural constraints regulate tone-feet interactions. Harmonic Serialism is ado...

Inter-generation differences in foot dimensions were examined using ANCOVA to determine whether aging or secular change is the more important causal factor. In examining the results, bone size was assumed not to change after the end of linear growth, while foot arches were assumed to become flatter rather than higher if there were any changes in skeletal structure. Changes in overall body build...

Passivation hermiticity is always a concern in integration circuit fabrication and application. Passivation stress is one of the key factors for the passivation integrity. In this paper, passivation stress is investigated as a function of top metal profiles with a 3Dimentional Finite Element Modeling (3D FEM). A new structure is proposed for reducing the passivation stress at the corner of a to...

The foot is constituted from a series of small bones making a segmented structure with multiple joints, likened to a dome, in contact with the ground in three points: posteriorly the calcanear tuberosity; anteriorly and medially the head of 1st metatarsum, and anteriorly and laterally the head of 5th metatarsum. In fact, each foot presents a semi-arch whose base is represented by the lateral bo...

Foot pain affects up to 24% of people aged over 65 years, and is associated with difficulty undertaking activities of daily living, problems with balance and gait, an increased risk of falls, and reduced health-related quality of life. Established risk factors for foot pain in this agegroup include female sex, obesity and chronic medical conditions such as osteoarthritis and diabetes. However, ...

BACKGROUND Ageing is associated with changes to the structure and function of the foot and ankle, and there is preliminary evidence that foot problems impair balance and increase the risk of falls. To explore this in more detail, we conducted a study to determine the relative contribution of several foot and ankle characteristics to performance on a range of balance and functional tests. METH...

This paper describes a walking stabilization control for a biped humanoid robot with narrow feet. Most humanoid robots have larger feet than human beings to maintain their stability during walking. If robot's feet are as narrow as humans, it is difficult to realize a stable walk by using conventional stabilization controls. The proposed control modifies a foot placement according to the robot's...