Abstract Background The purpose of the current study was to examine potential impact a methanolic extract Areca catechu nut (MAN) on handling-induced convulsions (HIC), anxiety and anhedonia behaviour alcohol-withdrawn mice. 30 female Swiss albino mice were divided into 5 groups, each with 6 animals. Group 1 (saline withdrawal) received saline during 3-day alcohol/saline induction phase, while ...

Drug transporters have been shown to alter drug metabolism. Similarly, bioactivation of drugs may also be altered by drug transporters. The aim of this work was to examine the role of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) in the bioactivation of a Pgp substrate, raloxifene, and a non-Pgp substrate, naphthalene. To evaluate the extent of bioactivation, covalent binding was measured. In both freshly isolated and ...

Parenchymal cells isolated from the liver of 24 h fasted rats were incubated with 65 mM R,S-1-3H -ethanol plus 3 mM pyruvate as substrates in the absence and presence of 1.7 mM 4-methylpyrazole. Metabolite levels and the time-course of the transfer of tritum from ethanol to lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate was measured during the first 15 min of ethanol metabolism. The time-course of the loss o...

We studied the incorporation of different radioactively labeled exogenous substrates into the lipids of rat hepatocytes previously incubated with ethanol. Glycerol, oleate, and serine were all incorporated into neutral lipids to a significantly greater degree in the presence of ethanol, the increase in radioactivity in the triacylglycerol fraction being quite substantial. A similar ethanol-indu...

Interest in the non-neuronal alterations following traumatic brain injury (TBI) has led to research evaluating hepatic metabolism following injury. Several models of injury demonstrate tissue-specific alterations in cytochrome P450 activity. This study examined tissue-specific alterations in cytochrome P450-mediated hydroxylation in the rat model of TBI. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received anesth...

Rat liver microsomes attached to nanoparticles were used for LC-MS studies of CYP3A and 2E1 enzymes in metabolism of N-nitroso compounds. Using these biocolloids, turnover rates were measured within 2 min. Inhibitor IC(50) values for ketoconazole (KET) and 4-methylpyrazole (4-MEP) were estimated.

The purpose of this work was to develop and optimize a simple and suitable method to detect the potential inhibitory effect of drugs and medicines on alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in order to evaluate the possible interactions between medicines and alcohol metabolism. Commonly used medicines that are often involved in court litigations related with driving under the influence of alcohol ...

The acute administration of ethanol mobilizes a considerable amount of Mg2+ from perfused rat livers and isolated hepatocytes in a dose-dependent fashion in the absence of release of cellular K+ or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the extracellular medium. Mg2+extrusion becomes detectable within 2 min and reaches the maximum within 8 min after ethanol addition, declining toward the basal value th...

Individuals who carry the most active alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isoforms are protected against alcoholism. This work addresses the mechanism by which a high ADH activity leads to low ethanol intake in animals. Male and female ethanol drinker rats (UChB) were allowed access to 10% ethanol for 1 h. Females showed 70% higher hepatic ADH activity and displayed 60% lower voluntary ethanol intake t...