In the anterior pituitaries of adult rats of both sexes, follicular cells resemble marginal layer cells in fine structure. Numerous occurrences of cilia were electronmicroscopically confirmed on the free surface of both cells. The absence of secretory granules, the poor development of endoplasmic reticula and abundant free ribosomes and polysomes are the other coincidental cytological propertie...

To track drainage of lymph-borne small and large antigens (Ags) into the peripheral lymph nodes and subsequent encounter by B cells and follicular dendritic cells, we used the approach of multiphoton intravital microscopy. We find a system of conduits that extend into the follicles and mediate delivery of small antigens to cognate B cells and follicular dendritic cells. The follicular conduits ...

Maturation of high-affinity B lymphocytes is precisely controlled during the germinal center reaction. This is dependent on CD4(+)CXCR5(+) follicular helper T cells (TFH) and inhibited by CD4(+)CXCR5(+)Foxp3(+) follicular regulatory T cells (TFR). Because NFAT2 was found to be highly expressed and activated in follicular T cells, we addressed its function herein. Unexpectedly, ablation of NFAT2...

OBJECTIVES To characterize trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) expression in normal thyroid tissue samples compared with that in follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. DESIGN Immunohistochemical analysis of 83 normal thyroid tissue and of 83 follicular neoplasms (26 follicular adenomas, 25 follicula...

INTRODUCTION HIV causes defects in memory B cells in children, but the mechanisms of those defects have not been fully elucidated. One possible mechanism is the lack of T-cell help to B cells during immune reactions. However, few studies have assessed the effect of HIV on follicular helper T cells (TFH cells) in children. METHODS In this study, follicular-homing CD4 T cells and memory B cells...

BACKGROUND A growing body of evidences suggests that the ovary is a site of inflammatory reactions, and thus, ovarian cells could represent sources and targets of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) system. The purpose of this study was to examine the IL-1 system gene expressions in equine granulosa cells, and to study the IL-1beta content in follicular fluid during the follicle maturation. For this purpo...

Engagement of antigen receptors on mature B lymphocytes is known to block cell entry into lymphoid follicles and promote accumulation in T cell zones, yet the molecular basis for this change in cell distribution is not understood. Previous studies have shown that follicular exclusion requires a threshold level of antigen receptor engagement combined with occupancy of follicles by B cells withou...

PURPOSE The microenvironment influences outcome in follicular lymphoma. Our hypothesis was that several immune cell subsets are important for disease outcome and their individual prognostic importance should be demonstrable in the same analysis and in competition with clinical factors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Seventy follicular lymphoma patients with extreme clinical outcome ("poor" and "good" ca...

units. D. folliculorum ingests skin cells and sebum, whereas brevis burrows deeper into the sebaceous glands ducts, feeding on gland cells. They may even provide a mutualistic host advantage by bacteria or other organisms in follicular canal to keep dermal bio-balance check. Demodicosis is umbrella term for all disorders related Demodex mites. It still unclear whether underlying cause result of...