Flash memories are used as the main storage in many portable consumer electronic devices because they are more robust than hard drives. This document gives an overview of existing consumer flash memory technologies which are mostly removable flash memory cards. It discusses to which degree consumer flash devices are suitable for real-time systems and provides a detailed timing analysis of some ...

In 2010, Steve Jobs announced that Apple would no longer support Adobe Flash, an at-the-time popular set of tools for creating Internet applications. In the years following Jobs’ announcement, the use of Flash declined precipitously. Using data from an online labor market, we study how the market for Flash skills evolved and how Flash programmers fared. The large negative shock in the demand fo...

A good estimate of the design effect is critical for calculating the most efficient sample size for cluster surveys. We reviewed the design effects for seven nutrition and health outcomes from nine population-based cluster surveys conducted in emergency settings. Most of the design effects for outcomes in children, and one-half of the design effects for crude mortality, were below two. A reasse...

Flash memory has gained tremendous popularity in recent years. A variant of flash, referred to as NAND flash, is widely used in consumer electronics products, such as cell-phones and music players while NAND flash based Solid-State Disks (SSDs) are increasingly displacing hard disk drives as the primary storage device in laptops, desktops, and even data centers. Computer architects have recentl...

With flash disks being an important alternative to conventional magnetic disks, various design aspects of DBMSs, whose I/O behavior is performance-critical, and especially their I/O architecture should be reconsidered. Taking the distinguished characteristics of flash disks into account, several flash-aware buffer algorithms have been proposed with focus on flash-specific performance optimizati...

When a short flash occurs in spatial alignment with a moving object, the moving object is seen ahead the stationary one. Similar to this visual "flash-lag effect" (FLE) it has been recently observed for the haptic sense that participants judge a moving hand to be ahead a stationary hand when judged at the moment of a short vibration ("haptic flash") that is applied when the two hands are spatia...

X iv :h ep -t h/ 01 10 01 4v 1 1 O ct 2 00 1 THE RARITA-SCHWINGER OPERATOR 1 Bochner-Weitzenböck formulas associated with the Rarita-Schwinger operator Thomas Branson and Oussama Hijazi

BACKGROUND Random errors in measurement of a risk factor will introduce downward bias of an estimated association to a disease or a disease marker. This phenomenon is called regression dilution bias. A bias correction may be made with data from a validity study or a reliability study. AIMS AND METHODS In this article we give a non-technical description of designs of reliability studies with e...

The calculation of the ~23 mixing angle from semi-leptonic B-decay depends’ on the mass ratio m,/mb. The energy scales at which the running masses m, and rnb should be taken are determined once terms of order [cys . (mc/mb)] are taken into account. We give an analytic expression for the QCD correction to the decay rate to all orders in the ratio between on-shell masses. We explain how it should...

A pilot study asks whether something can be done, should the researchers proceed with it, and if so, how. However, a pilot study also has a specific design feature; it is conducted on a smaller scale than the main or full-scale study. In other words, the pilot study is important for improvement of the quality and efficiency of the main study. In addition, it is conducted in order to assess the ...