Motivation is vital for learners to achieve desired learning outcomes. Meanwhile, the 5Ts framework a useful tool teachers improve students’ motivation. This study focused on questionnaire responses of Japanese language stating their perceptions towards intrinsic motivation and components as well scrutinized relationship between these two constructs. Results showed that both were favourable hel...

the essential oil from flowering aerial parts of nepeta macrosiphon boiss. growing wild in kermanshah province, iran, was analyzed by gc/ms. this essential oil was prepared by a modified likens-nickerson’s simultaneous distillation-extraction (sde) method. forty-five compounds consisting 95.1% of the total components were identified from the oil obtained with a yield of 0.1%w/w. among them, spa...

BACKGROUND Valid estimates of health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) are often difficult to obtain from persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and family caregiver proxies. To help assess whether the general public can serve as an alternate source of proxy HRQoL estimates in AD, we examined whether the general public can use vignettes to discriminate between AD health states. METHODS We admini...

BACKGROUND Generic preference-based health-related quality of life instruments are widely used to measure health benefit within economic evaluation. The availability of multiple instruments raises questions about their relative merits and recent studies have highlighted the paucity of evidence regarding measurement properties in the context of spinal cord injury (SCI). This qualitative study ex...

AIMS To investigate the feasibility of discrete choice experiments for valuing EQ-5D-5L states using computer-based data collection, the consistency of the estimated regression coefficients produced after modeling the preference data, and to examine the similarity of the values derived across countries. METHODS Data were collected in Canada, England, The Netherlands, and the United States (US...