The thyroid gland holds a unique situation among the endocrine glands. The follicle cells line the follicle cavity by their apical surface and have an intimate relation with the capillaries at their basal surface. Until recently, attention has been paid to the problem of function involved in this arrangement by light microscopy. Hormone substance secreted into the follicle cavity and stored her...

While the molecular and biophysical mechanisms underlying cell protrusion on two-dimensional substrates are well understood, our knowledge of the actin structures driving protrusion in three-dimensional environments is poor, despite relevance to inflammation, development and cancer. Here we report that, during chemotactic migration through microchannels with 5 μm × 5 μm cross-sections, HL60 neu...

The spectroscopic characteristics of systems with adsorbed d impurities on noble metal surfaces should depend on the number and geometric arrangement of the adsorbed atoms and also on their d band filling. Recent experiments using scanning tunneling microscopy have probed the electronic structure of all 3d transition metal impurities and also of Co dimers adsorbed on Au(111), providing a rich v...

In recent years a variety of designs of automatic fraction collectors have appeared (Brimley & Snow, 1949; Cuckow, Harris & Speed, 1949; Edman, 1948; Phillips, 1949; Stein & Moore, 1948). The collectors described here possess the advantages that they are simple and cheap to construct and have given reliable service over long periods. The three machines all operate on the same principle, involvi...

Molecular dynamics simulation has been carried out to explore the configuration and quantity threshold of multiple graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) in single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT). The simulation results showed that several GNRs tangled together to form a perfect spiral structure to maximize the π-π stacking area when filling inside SWCNT. The formation of multiple helical configuration is ...

The problem of arranging two-dimensional arrays of data into one-dimensional sequences comes up in image processing, color quantization, and optical and magnetic data recording. A good arrangement should enable the one-dimensional sequences to be modeled as Markov chains or shifts of finite type. Since this is not possible in general, two-dimensional data is most commonly scanned by rows, colum...

Toluene was discovered as the structure template for the synthesis of large-cage RHO-type zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-11 and ZIF-12) in an alcohol-based solution where benzimidazole-toluene interactions play a decisive structure-directing role; otherwise it leads to small-cage SOD-type ZIF-7 and ZIF-9 without toluene. The specific π-π interactions make toluene molecules adopt a specifi...

A rock mass is a material quite different from other structural materials used in civil engineering. It is heterogeneous and quite often discontinuous, but is one of the materials in the earth's crust, which is most used in man's construction. Ideally, a rock mass is composed of a system of rock blocks and fragments separated by discontinuities forming a material in which all elements behave in...