Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in massage practitioners is prevalent due to physically demanding nature of practice. Given that changes techniques may occur over the course a day accommodate for fatigued muscles and use proper also be compromised with fatigue musculature upper extremity, research regarded effects different on muscular demands needed further explored. In this st...

The palmaris longus muscle is one of the most variable muscles in human anatomy. During a routine anatomical dissection for medical students at Tottori University, we found duplicate palmaris longus muscles in the bilateral forearms together with the palmaris profundus muscle in the right forearm. The bilateral aberrant palmaris longus muscles were observed at the ulnar side of the palmaris lon...

Background Flexor tenolysis surgery for flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis adhesions is a common procedure performed by hand surgeons. Releasing these adhered tendons can greatly improve hand function and improve quality of life. Recent evidence, however, has shown that the outcomes of tenolysis surgeries are often suboptimal and can result in relapsing adhesions or even tendon ruptur...

BACKGROUND Traumatic amputation of the digit requiring revision amputation at the level of the proximal phalanx provides the opportunity to improve flexor function via tenodesis of the remaining flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendon. Salvage of the remaining FDS and performing flexor tenodesis to the proximal phalanx allows increased flexion at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint. METHO...

While the cortical effects of repetitive motor activity are generally believed to be task specific, the task parameters that modulate these effects are incompletely understood. Since there are differences in the neural control of flexor vs. extensor muscles, the type of muscles involved in the motor task of interest may be one important parameter. In addition, the role each muscle plays in the ...

The dexterity of the human hand depends largely on the ability to move the fingers independently, the execution of which requires the coordination of multiple muscles. How these muscle ensembles are recruited by the central nervous system is not clear. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation was to identify some of the neural mechanisms whereby certain hand muscles are recruited into func...

Mechanical and neurological couplings exist between musculotendon units of the human hand and digits. Studies have begun to understand how these muscles interact when accomplishing everyday tasks, but there are still unanswered questions regarding the control limitations of individual muscles. Using intramuscular electromyographic (EMG) electrodes, this study examined subjects' ability to indiv...

The aim of the present study was to develop a relationship to evaluate grip force using the electromyogram (EMG) in isometric anisotonic conditions. The EMGs of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) and the extensor digitorum (ED) were recorded in 3 flexion-extension positions of the wrist (30 degrees flexion, 30 degrees extension, and 60 degrees extension) associated with 3 positions of the...

Thumb hypoplasia is a component of radial longitudinal deficiency. The severity can range from slightly smaller thumb to complete absence. They are often categorised using Blauth classification recommend appropriate treatment. Type II characterised by the first web-space narrowing, underdeveloped or absence thenar muscles, extrinsic and metacarpophalangeal joint instability. author reviews 7-ye...