Pain can be managed by using both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. The nonpharmacological method used is breastfeeding for managing pain it the preferred during infancy

This study examines factors affecting weaning pattern of mothers residing in Shiraz(Iran).A cohort of 329 mothers who gave birth at the 14 maternity clinics of shiraz during two consecutive weeks in 1996 were selected randomly.mothers were visited 11 times at home during 2 years post delivery and their breast feeding performance and its associatef factors were examined closely.mother,s knowledg...

BACKGROUND Ethiopia is a country with low optimal breast feeding practice, and prelacteal feeding is still a norm. Introduction of prelacteal feeding is a known barrier for optimal breast feeding practices. However, knowledge on determinants of introduction of prelacteal feeding is minimal. This study aimed to identify the effects of individual and community-level factors in the introduction of...

The renal thiamin reabsorption process plays an important role in regulating thiamin body homeostasis and involves both thiamin transporters-1 and -2 (THTR1 and THTR2). Chronic alcohol use is associated with thiamin deficiency. Although a variety of factors contribute to the development of this deficiency, effects of chronic alcohol use on renal thiamin transport have not been thoroughly examin...

Background. The development of safe and effective oral feeding skills in the newborn is complex and may be associated with significant morbidities. Our understanding of neonatal oral feeding maturation at the molecular level is limited, providing an opportunity to utilize emerging molecular techniques to accurately assess neonatal oral feeding skills. Objective. To identify key regulatory genes...

OBJECTIVES To study how individual and regional characteristics might explain regional variations in breast-feeding rates in maternity units and to identify outlier regions with very low or high breast-feeding rates. DESIGN Individual characteristics (mother and infant) were collected during hospital stay. All newborns fed entirely or partly on breast milk were considered breast-fed. Regional...

PURPOSE To assess the accuracy of the Preterm Oral Feeding Readiness Scale (POFRAS) on the beginning of oral feeding in preterm infants and to verify the concordance between this tool and the Oral Feeding Skill Level. METHODS 82 preterm infants were assessed by POFRAS regarding their readiness to initiate oral feeding and by the oral feeding skill level evaluation during the first oral feedin...

Quality control is essential for any analysis in the laboratory. The objective of this study was to prepare in vivo cow control blood samples. The experiment was performed by feeding cows with a single dose of cadmium in the form of cadmium chloride, withdrawing the blood at an appropriate time to get the highest level of cadmium and detecting the level of cadmium in the blood. It was found tha...

Comparative effects of oyster mushrooms on plasma and fecal lipid profiles and on liver and kidney function were evaluated in hyper and normocholesterolemic rats. Feeding of hypercholesterolemic rats a 5% powder of oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus, P. sajor-caju and P. florida) reduced the plasma total cholesterol level by 37%, 21% and 16%, respectively and reduced the triglyceride level b...