Looking at the academic literature and media commentary, one can detect a shift in the identification of northern protestants. Once they were identified, and identified themselves in terms of modernity, triumph, and rationalism; increasingly they are identified and identify themselves in terms of tradition, defeat and associated emotions such as confusion, alienation, fatalism, resentment, fear...

AIM The aim of the study was assess the meaning of preferred temporal orientation for results of alcohol dependence therapy. METHODS One hundred and sixteen (116) (95 men and 21 women) alcohol addict patients were evaluated at the beginning of the alcohol addiction outpatient therapy. The temporal orientation and attitude for time was assessed by using Temporal Orientation Questionnaire-AION ...

The aim of the current study was to investigate breast cancer screening performance among Iranian Turkmen women along with their knowledge and beliefs. A cross-sectional study was carried out in June to December 2011. Through clustered sampling method, 1080 Iranian Turkmen women completed the questionnaire including breast cancer screening adherence, knowledge, fatalism beliefs, and perceived t...

BACKGROUND Over one-third of sex workers in Nigeria are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), yet there is a lack of understanding of sex workers' own perception of sexual risk-taking. Applying the theory of cognitive dissonance, this paper examined the personal HIV risk perception of brothel-based sex workers. METHODS The study is based on 24 focus group discussions held among br...

PURPOSE barriers to managing cancer pain contribute to cancer patients' reluctance to report pain and use prescribed analgesics, resulting in inadequate pain control. Patients' perceived barriers to managing cancer pain may be influenced by culture. This meta-analysis compared differences in Western and Asian patient-perceived barriers to managing cancer pain. METHODS the literature was syste...

OBJECTIVE To investigate patients' attitudes towards cancer pain management and analyze the factors influencing these attitudes. METHODS The self-developed Demographic and Disease-Related Information Questionnaires, Pain Management Barriers Questionnaire-Taiwan form (BQT), and Pain Knowledge Questionnaire were administered to 363 pairs of hospitalized cancer patients and their caregivers from...