Over the last three decades, few studies have been conducted to tackle complexity and heterogeneity of Bangladesh farming systems. We address these research gaps with a new survey. Accordingly, survey was in North-Western understand how socio-economic traits influence technology adoption identify characterize key farm types. The based on household characteristics, structure, practices livestock...

The vast majority of farmers in the drylands are resource-poor smallholders, whose livelihoods depend heavily on their farming systems. Therefore, increasing resilience these smallholders is vital for prosperity. This study quantified household and identified influence semiarid tropics India by analysing 684 households. A capacity index was devised based composition food non-food expenditure, c...

one of the main distinctions between geomaterials and other engineering materials is the spatial variation of their properties in different directions. this characteristic of geomaterials -so called heterogeneity- is studied herewith. several spatial distributions are introduced to describe probabilistic variation of geotechnical properties of soils. among all, the absolute normal distribution ...

naturally occurred soil deposits inherit heterogeneity and anisotropy in their strength properties. the main purpose of this paper is to model the soil stratum with anisotropy consideration and spatially varying undrained shear strength by using random field theory coupled with finite difference numerical analysis to evaluate their effect on the bearing capacity of the shallow foundations. in t...

We conducted a contingent valuation survey to estimate the social acceptance and preferences of local community towards installation wind farm in countryside area presenting significant aesthetic, cultural, identity place attributes. focused on two opposite potential externalities caused by turbines. The first relates contribution reduction greenhouse gas emission through production green energ...

Poverty eradication is one of the global challenges, and land transfer provides an effective path to address farmers’ poverty; however, effect poverty reduction can show heterogeneity depending on location, household, head household. This study employs propensity value matching technique compare effects future alleviation among farm households, based vulnerability as expected poverty, using dat...

Our objective is to extend the latent class stochastic frontier (LCSFM) model compute productivity change, using robust transitive Färe-Primont index. The application three types of grazing livestock farms in France over period 2002–2016. LCSFM identified two classes farms, intensive and extensive farms. Results indicate that change its components show only small differences between pooled does...

even purified enzyme preparations are often heterogeneous. for example, preparations of aspartate aminotransferase or cytochrome oxidase can consist of several different forms of the enzyme.  for this reason we consider how different the kinetics of the reactions catalysed by a mixture of forms of an enzyme must be to provide some indication of the characteristics of the species present.  based...

background: most of the current brachytherapy treatment planning systems (tps) use the tg-43u1 recommendations for dosimetry in water phantom, not considering the heterogeneity effects. objective: the purpose of this study is developing a method for obtaining correction factors for heterogeneity for cs-137 brachytherapy sources based on pre-calculated mc simulations and interpolation. method: t...

CONTEXT Crash fatality and injury rates are higher on rural roadways than other roadway types. Although slow-moving farm vehicles and equipment are risk factors on rural roads, little is known about the characteristics of crashes with farm vehicles/equipment. PURPOSE To describe crashes and injuries for the drivers of farm vehicles/equipment and non-farm vehicles involved in an injury crash. ...