A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the risk factors of job-related depression in laboratory technicians in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) and Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM) Hospitals in Kelantan, between September 2001 and February 2002. One hundred and two laboratory technicians from HUSM and 79 from KKM Hospitals were selected and 84 (82.4%) from HUSM and 71 (...

This paper provides a complete solution to the problem of minimax inequality for an arbitrary topological space that may be discrete, continuum, non-compact or non-convex. We establish a single condition, γ-recursive transfer lower semicontinuity, which is necessary and sufficient for the existence of equilibrium of minimax inequality without imposing any kind of convexity nor any restriction o...

Two weakenings of the anti-Specker property—a principle of some significance in constructive reverse mathematics—are introduced, examined, and in one case applied, within Bishop-style constructive mathematics. The weaker of these anti-Specker properties is shown to be equivalent to a very weak version of Brouwer’s fan theorem. This leads to a study of antitheses of various types of fan theorem—...

It is often demonstrated that Brouwer’s fixed point theorem can not be constructively proved. Therefore, Kakutani’s fixed point theorem, the Fan-Glicksberg fixed point theorem and the existence of a pure strategy Nash equilibrium in a strategic game with continuous (infinite) strategies and quasi-concave payoff functions also can not be constructively proved. On the other hand, however, Sperner...

Multi-fan is an analogous notion of fan in toric theory. Fan is a combinatorial object associated to a toric variety. Multi-fan is associated to an orbifold with an action of half the dimension of the orbifold. In this paper the equivariant elliptic genus and the equivariant orbifold elliptic genus of multi-fans are defined and their character formulas are exhibited. A vanishing theorem concern...

In this article, we introduce a perturbed system of generalized mixed quasi-equilibrium-like problems involving multi-valued mappings in Hilbert spaces. To calculate the approximate solutions of the perturbed system of generalized multi-valued mixed quasi-equilibrium-like problems, firstly we develop a perturbed system of auxiliary generalized multi-valued mixed quasi-equilibrium-like problems,...

We introduce axioms LFAN and CFAN , where the former follows from the law of excluded middle and the latter follows from the axiom of countable choice. Then we show that Brouwer’s fan theorem is constructively equivalent to LFAN + CFAN . This decomposition of the fan theorem into a logical axiom and a function existence axiom contributes to the programme of constructive reverse mathematics. 200...

For the purpose of constructive reverse mathematics, we show the equivalence of the uniform continuity theorem to a series of propositions; this illuminates the relationship between Brouwer’s fan theorem and the uniform continuity theorem.