We use the following rule of composition of automorphisms: if φ, ψ ∈ Aut(F2) and x ∈ F2 then φψ(x) = ψ(φ(x)). For x ∈ F2 denote by St(x) the stabilizer of x in Aut(F2). For a subset X of a group denote by 〈X〉 the subgroup generated by X. Denote [x, y] = x−1y−1xy, x = y−1xy. For g ∈ F2 denote by ĝ the automorphism induced by the conjugation by g: ĝ(x) = g−1xg, x ∈ F2. Let − : Aut(F2) → GL2(Z) be...

We give an example of a Cayley graph [Formula: see text] for the group which is not minimally almost convex (MAC). On other hand, standard does satisfy falsification by fellow traveler property (FFTP), strictly stronger. As result, any lying between FFTP and MAC (i.e., text]) dependent on generating set. This includes well-known properties convexity, were already known to depend set as well Poé...

Translation of influenza A virus PB1-F2 occurs in a second open reading frame (ORF) of the PB1 gene segment. PB1-F2 has been implicated in regulation of polymerase activity, immunopathology, susceptibility to secondary bacterial infection, and induction of apoptosis. Experimental evidence of PB1-F2 molecular function during infection has been collected primarily from human and avian viral isola...

PB1-F2 protein is a factor of virulence of influenza A viruses which increases the mortality and morbidity associated with infection. Most seasonal H1N1 Influenza A viruses express nowadays a truncated version of PB1-F2. Here we show that truncation of PB1-F2 modified supramolecular organization of the protein in a membrane-mimicking environment. In addition, full-length PB1-F2(1-90) and C-term...

Acoustic studies of several languages indicate that second-formant (F2) slopes in high vowels have opposing directions (independent of consonantal context): front [iː]-like vowels are produced with a rising F2 slope, whereas back [uː]-like vowels are produced with a falling F2 slope. The present study first reports acoustic measurements that confirm this pattern for the English variety of Stand...

objective: salmonellosis is a bacterial disease with a rising prevalence in the cattle industry. it is most common in dairy calves one to ten weeks of age. salmonellosis has a serious economic impact on the cattle industry worldwide. methods: in may 2013, a three months old male holstein calf with the history of lateral recumbency was referred to veterinary hospital with severe depression, cach...

Disparate innate immune responses to persistent and acute Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in COPD Daniel Droemann1, Jan Rupp2, Torsten Goldmann3, Ulrike Uhlig4, Detlev Branscheid5, Ekkehard Vollmer3, Peter Kujath6, Peter Zabel1,7, Klaus Dalhoff7 1Medical Clinic, Research Center Borstel, 23845 Borstel, Germany 2Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campu...

Single-crystals of the title compound, nona-potassium triyttrium dodeca-silicate difluoride, were obtained from flux synthesis experiments in the system SiO2-Y2O3-KF. The crystal structure belongs to the group of single-layer silicates and is based on silicate sheets parallel to (110). A single layer contains secondary (Q (2)) and tertiary (Q (3)) silicate tetra-hedra in the ratio 1:2 and is bu...