A key aspect of cancer metastases is the tendency for specific cancer cells to home to defined subsets of secondary organs. Despite these known tendencies, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we develop a microfluidic 3D in vitro model to analyze organ-specific human breast cancer cell extravasation into bone- and muscle-mimicking microenvironments through a microvascular n...

During their journey from the blood stream to sites of inflammation polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) release a wide panoply of granule proteins. Shortly after the PMN efflux, the extravasation of monocytes sets in and recent research provides evidence that the release of PMN granule proteins and monocyte extravasation are causally interrelated. Granule proteins seeded on the endothelium by ad...

Radionuclide shuntography is a safe and simple method to determine shunt patency and analyze changes in CSF (Cerebro-Spinal-Fluid) flow. We present a case of complicated CSF shunt, in which radioisotopic scan correctly identified disconnection of the shunt tubing system localizing the site of extravasation accurately. The findings were confirmed by surgery performed for correction of the ...

Spontaneous rupture of the renal fornix and urinary extravasation are very rarely encountered in urological practice. In the present paper, a 57-year-old male patient who suddenly developed spontaneous rupture of the fornix and urinary extravasation due to obstructive ureteral stone is presented. The patient developed a sudden onset of renal colic pain without any trauma. His complete blood cou...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Several retrospective studies suggested that contrast extravasation on CT angiography predicts hematoma expansion, poor outcome, and mortality in primary intracerebral hemorrhage. We aimed to determine the predictive value of contrast extravasation on multidetector CT angiography for clinical outcome in a prospective study. METHODS In 160 consecutive patients with spont...

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality. Extravasation of cancer cells is a critical step of metastasis. We report a novel proof-of-concept study that investigated whether non-toxic blood-soluble chemical agents capable of rheological modification of the near-vessel-wall blood flow can reduce extravasation of tumor cells and subsequent development of metastasis. Using an experimenta...

Spontaneous rupture of the ureter is extremely uncommon and thought as a nontraumatic leakage of the urine from the ureter. It is usually secondary to ureteral obstruction from a calculus. The symptom is always severe and drainage or surgical intervention is often required. True rupture of upper ureter or renal pelvis may be confused with a physiologic phenomenon of the forniceal rupture with u...

Previously, we found polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) increased melanoma cell extravasation under flow conditions (Intl J Cancer 106: 713-722, 2003). In this study, we characterized the effect of hydrodynamic shear on PMN-facilitated melanoma extravasation using a novel flow-migration assay. The effect of shear stress and shear rate on PMN-facilitated melanoma extravasation was studied by i...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In primary intracerebral hemorrhage, the presence of contrast extravasation after computed tomographic angiography (CTA), termed the spot sign, predicts hematoma expansion and mortality. Because the biological underpinnings of the spot sign are not fully understood, we investigated whether the rate of contrast extravasation, which may reflect the rate of bleeding, predict...