one of the most efficient mechanisms by which plants protect themselves from invading virusesis the specific rna-dependent silencing pathway termed post-transcriptional gene silencing(ptgs). in this mechanism, resistance to a virus is engineered through the expression of asegment of the virus genomein transgenic plants. potato virusy (pvy) is one of the mostdamaging viruses of potato, infecting...

chlamydia trachomatis is one of the main causes of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) such as  prostatitis and epididymitis in men and cervicitis, endometriosis, vaginitis and ureogenital tract infections in women.  serological tests with sensitivities related to specific antigens are commonly used as  routine laboratory tests for diagnosis of chlamydia. in this research the chlamydia major o...

genetic epidemiological studies strongly suggest that additive and interactive genes, each with small effects, mediate the genetic vulnerability for schizophrenia. with the human genome working draft at hand, candidate gene (and ultimately large-scale genome-wide) association studies are gaining renewed interest in the effort to unravel the complex genetics of schizophrenia. linkage and fine ma...

infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is the causative agent of gumboro disease, an infectious disease of global economic importance in poultry. structural protein vp2 of ibdv is the most frequently studied protein due to its significant roles in virus attachment, protective immunity, and serotype specificity. the objective of the present study was to improve the expression of hypervariable re...

background: several influential factors such as transcription factors and intracellular signaling components are involved in differentiation of stem cells into a specific lineage. p15 and p16 proteins are among these factors. accumulating evidences has introduced the epigenetic as a master regulator of these factors during lineage specification. the main objective of this study is to determine ...

proteinase 3(pr3) is a human polymorphonuclear leukocyte serine proteinase and is the main target antigen for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (anca) found in wegener's granulomatosis (wg). we developed a stable expression system for conformationally intact recombinant pr3 (rpr3) in chinese hamster ovary cells (cho-cells). the part of pr3 cdna that encoded the active form of pr3 was s...

conclusions this is the first report of expression of cmv cp gene in iran, which is important for the preparation of anti-cmv antibody and paving the way for the use of the virus coat protein as a nanomaterial. results the identity of the expressed protein was confirmed by immunoassays such as western blot, dot-immunobinding assay (diba) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) by the use ...

background: zinc (zn) as an important trace element is essential for testicular development and spermatogenesis. molecular mechanism of zn action in the reproductive system may be related to metal binding low-molecular weight proteins, metallothioneins (mt). our objective was to determine the effect of zn on two important isoforms of mt, mt1m and mt1g genes expression on testicular sertoli cell...

background: apelin is a mitogenic peptide; it has functions in vessel formation and cell proliferation. in this study we aimed to evaluate the serum and tissue levels and local expression pattern of apelin in eutopic and ectopic endometrium from patients with and without endometriosis and to compare the proliferative and secretory phase differences. methods: thirty women with endometriosis and ...

objective(s):  apoptosis is a tightly regulated process and plays a crucial role in autoimmune diseases. because abnormalities in apoptosis are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), in present study we studied the apoptosis in t lymphocytes from iranian sle patientsat protein and gene expression levels for some molecules which are involved in apopt...