Although the widespread influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurrences on crop yields of the main agricultural commodities is well known, the global socio-economic consequences of ENSO still remain uncertain. Given the global importance of wheat for global consumption by providing 20% of global calories and nourishment, the monitoring and prediction of ENSO-induced variations ...

(exogenous, tradable) income as a result of structural changes such as technological progress, improvement in export prices, etc.. Thus, a multiplier of 2.0 suggests an addition of $1.00 on extra income for each $1.00 of new agricultural income , through a re-spending on non-tradable consumer items and intermediate inputs. PAST TRENDS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN SUB-SAH...

The gravity equation relates bilateral trade volumes to distance and country size. Countless gravity equations have been estimated, usually with “good” results, and trade theorists have proposed various theoretical explanations for gravity’s success. However, the many potential explanations for the success of the gravity equation make it a problematic tool for discriminating among trade models....

This paper examines the relative “sophistication” of China’s exports to the United States along two dimensions. First, I compare China’s export bundle to those of the relatively skilland capital-abundant members of the OECD as well as to similarly endowed U.S. trading partners. Second, I examine prices within product categories to determine if China’s varieties command a premium relative to its...

Iran stands first both in production and export of Pistachio in the world and earns sizable income from its export. Despite such a position in global market, Farmers and traders in the country are suffering from a wide kind of bottlenecks. This study aimed to define the critical constraints and to suggest the best way to reduce them. Necessary data were collected through personal interview of r...

How does an unexpected domestic monetary expansion a¤ect the foreign economy: Does it induce an increase or a decline in foreign production? And is it ’beggar-thy-neighbour’, or does it raise foreign welfare? Empirical evidence from VARs indicates that monetary policy has positive international transmission e¤ects on both foreign output and aggregate demand. A two-country dynamic general equili...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the world rice market through a Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) framework utilizing annual data from 1970 to 2007. Since World War Two, the world rice market has been very unstable, with rice prices experiencing volatile swings in both rice price and rice availability. Therefore, a SCP framework can provide crucial insight into the world rice market f...