the present study was conducted to investigate the role of summary in teaching grammar process on pre-university students. to this end, 48 male pre-university students in semnan were participants. they were math class that we called experimental group and science class as control group. in order to make sure there was no significant difference in proficiency level of two groups. a pre-test wa...

a novel acrylic acid-functionalized fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticle with a core-shell structure was developed for utilization as a heterogeneous organosuperacid in chemical transformations. the structural, surface, and magnetic characteristics of the nanosized catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (tem), thermogravimetric analysis (tga), and ft-ir...

در این پژوهش نحوه ساخت نانوکامپوزییت eva/ag و اثر ضد میکروبی آن در درصدهای مختلف نانو ذره نقره مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.نانوکامپوزیت حاصل از نطر شکل شناختی ، اندازه ذرات، ساختمان شیمیایی ، با استفاده از تستهای sem(scanning electrou microscopy)،tem (transmission electron microscope) ، xrd (x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy) ،ftir (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. د...

abstract recent studies suggest that prelistening activities play an important role in the development of listening comprehension (e.g. long 1990;chiang and dunkel 1992; schmidt-rinehart 1994; jensen and hansen 1995; robinson et al., 1995; buck, 1995; foster and skehan,1996; teng 1996; robinson, 2001; chang and read 2006). in line with previous studies and to shed light on a new aspect of sche...