Exposure to vehicle exhaust can drive up to 70 % of excess lifetime cancer incidences due to air pollution in urban environments. Little is known about how exhaust-derived particles and organic pollutants, implicated in adverse health effects, are affected by freezing ambient temperatures and the presence of snow. Airborne particles and (semi)volatile organic constituents in dilute exhaust were...

With the growing number of new exhaust after-treatment systems, fuels and fuel additives for internal combustion engines, efficient and reliable methods for detecting exhaust genotoxicity and mutagenicity are needed to avoid the widespread application of technologies with undesirable effects toward public health. In a commonly used approach, organic extracts of particulates rather than complete...

In recent past, significant efforts have been made to improve the scientific understanding of exhaust dispersion phenomenon in urban street canyons/intersection. The amount of turbulence generated by natural winds within the street canyon might be smaller than that of traffic induced turbulence. Therefore, the influence of traffic-induced turbulence on exhaust dispersion has to be quantified. I...

In the Modern scenario, the naturally available resources for power generation are being depleted at an alarming rate; firstly due to wastage of power at consumer end, secondly due to inefficiency of various power system components. A Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) integrates two cycles- Brayton cycle (Gas Turbine) and Rankine cycle (Steam Turbine) with the objective of increasing overall pl...

Diesel particulate filter (DPF) has been widely applied as the efficient way to reduce the soot emissions from diesel engines. The oxidation of the accumulated soot layer in the particulate filter, known as DPF regeneration, plays a crucial role in the diesel engine operation. It is important to understand the characteristics and fundamentals of this process. A 2D timedependent diesel particula...

Although electrical motors are still the main devices used in vehicular exhaust comprises more than 95 percent of the air pollution in Taiwan's largest city, Taipei. On average, all commuters in Taipei travel 13.6 km daily, while motorcycle commuters travel 12.2 km. The convenience and mobility of motorcycles makes them irreplaceable in Taiwan city traffic but they add significantly to air poll...

In the recent years, China's auto industry develops rapidly, thus bringing a series of burdens to society and environment. This paper uses Logistic model to simulate the future trend of China's vehicle population and finds that China's auto industry would come into high speed development time during 2020-2050. Moreover, this paper predicts vehicles' fuel consumption and exhaust emissions (CO, H...

Engine noise is mainly from exhaust noise. Without adding muffler, at a certain speed, the noise up to 100 decibels. Reduce engine exhaust noise, and to high-temperature exhaust gas can be safely and effectively. Muffler as part of exhaust pipe, should ensure that the exhaust flow, resistance and sufficient strength. This research takes an exhaust silencer as a study object, and a muffler sound...

In the current stage over 85% of world energy demand is supplied by fossil fuels. Coal-fired plants discharged roughly 40% of the total CO2 are the main contributors in CO2 emissions (Kim & Kim, 2004; Yang et al., 2008). Environmental issues caused by exhaust green house gases (GHG) and toxics have become global problems. Through the past studies of five decades, increased GHG levels in atmosph...

Two novel system configurations were proposed for oxy-fuel natural gas turbine systems with integrated steam reforming and CO2 capture and separation. The steam reforming heat is obtained from the available turbine exhaust heat, and the produced syngas is used as fuel with oxygen as the oxidizer. Internal combustion is used, which allows a very high heat input temperature. Moreover, the turbine...