Radon is a natural radioactive element in the gaseous form. It is a decay product of radium, which is present in all rocks and building materials. Radon escapes from them via diffusion and convection. The effect of radon releasing from solid materials to the pore air is called emanation. The parameters that characterise quantitatively this effect are the emanation coefficient and/or exhalation ...

The aim of this study was to compare exhaled nitric oxide concentrations obtained during controlled slow exhalation, presently considered as the method of choice, with two sampling methods that are easily performed by children: blowing air into a balloon and tidal breathing through a mouthpiece. One hundred and one well controlled, stable allergic asthmatic children (median age 11.7 yrs) perfor...

Accepted 27 May 1992 Abstract The amount ofbudesonide suspension actually delivered to six subjects (aged 4-30 months) by a jet nebuliser and spacer system (System 22) was determined. Two nebulisations were performed in each subject using a filter at the exhalation outlet of the inhalation chamber. An inhalation filter was additionally attached between the facemask and the spacer in the first t...

Phonation is defined as a laryngeal motor behavior used for speech production, which involves a highly specialized coordination of laryngeal and respiratory neuromuscular control. During speech, brief periods of vocal fold vibration for vowels are interspersed by voiced and unvoiced consonants, glottal stops and glottal fricatives (/h/). It remains unknown whether laryngeal/respiratory coordina...

STUDY OBJECTIVES The precise anatomic sites contributing to exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) are still unknown. The present study was designed to analyze profiles of eNO by referring to the He exhalation curve and examining the effects of breath-holding and expiratory flow rates on eNO. PARTICIPANTS Healthy volunteers and patients with stable asthma. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS We used the He bolus me...

Lung ventilation in Siren lacertina was studied using X-ray video, measurements of body cavity pressure and electromyography of hypaxial muscles. S. lacertina utilizes a two-stroke buccal pump in which mixing of expired and inspired gas is minimized by partial expansion of the buccal cavity during exhalation and then full expansion after exhalation is complete. Mixing is further reduced by the ...

The diaphragm plays a crucial role in respiration, and dysfunction is common COPD, contributing to worsening symptoms higher mortality rates. Many methods have been implemented evaluate the function of diaphragm, but each comes with its unique set limitations. To overcome this challenge, novel approach was introduced assess patients chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using thoracic co...

In the present paper we address the old question of respiratory planning in speech production. We recast the problem in terms of speakers' communicative goals and propose that speakers try to minimize respiratory effort in line with the H&H theory. We analyze respiratory cycles coinciding with no speech (i.e., silence), short verbal feedback expressions (SFE's) as well as longer vocalizations i...

Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) may be a useful marker of lung inflammation, but the concentration is highly dependent on exhalation flow rate due to a significant airway source. Current methods for partitioning pulmonary NO gas exchange into airway and alveolar regions utilize multiple exhalation flow rates or a single-breath maneuver with a preexpiratory breath hold, which is cumbersome for childre...