Powdery mildew fungal pathogens penetrate the plant cell wall and develop a feeding structure called the haustorium to steal photosynthetate from the host cell. Here, we report that the broad-spectrum mildew resistance protein RPW8.2 from Arabidopsis thaliana is induced and specifically targeted to the extrahaustorial membrane (EHM), an enigmatic interfacial membrane believed to be derived from...

Powdery mildew fungal pathogens penetrate the plant cell wall and develop a feeding structure called the haustorium to steal photosynthetate from the host cell. Here, we report that the broad-spectrum mildew resistance protein RPW8.2 from Arabidopsis thaliana is induced and specifically targeted to the extrahaustorial membrane (EHM), an enigmatic interfacial membrane believed to be derived from...

The CLIC Test Facility (CTF3) is an intermediate step to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the key concepts of the new RF power source for CLIC. CTF3 will use electron beams with an energy range adjustable from 170 MeV (3.5 A) to 380 MeV (with low current). The injector is based on a thermionic gun followed by a classical bunching system embedded in a long solenoidal field. As an alterna...

Pluri-subharmonic (psh) functions play a primary role in pluri-potential theory. They are closely related to the operator dd c = 2i∂ ¯ ∂ (with notation d = ∂ + ¯ ∂ and d c = i(¯ ∂ − ∂)), which serves as a generalization of the Laplacian from C to C dim for dim > 1. If u is smooth of class C 2 , then for 1 ≤ n ≤ dim, the coefficients of the exterior power (dd c u) n are given by the n×n sub-dete...

We have extended the spectral domain harmonic balance method of Withington and Kollberg [1] to handle quasiparticle mixer circuits of arbitrary complexity containing any number of superconducting tunnel junctions. Our algorithm uses a multidimensional Newton-Raphson technique to achieve rapid convergence, even when many harmonics are included in the analysis. Another improvement is to perform a...

The Indonesian government has determined a new seismic code for structural design of buildings and non-buildings, namely SNI 1726:2019. This is revision the previous 2012. fundamental difference between two codes 2012 2019 in earthquake hazard map (EHM) that was used. uses EHM-2010, while EHM-2017. EHM-2017 been updated by revising data subduction parameters updating number active faults from 8...

This article presents an agile passive-mixer-first superheterodyne RF front-end that utilizes a gigahertz acoustic filter as its intermediate-frequency (IF) load-essentially mixer-first acoustic-filtering front-end. The passive mixer frequency-translates sharp but fixed-frequency response to much higher and mixer-clock-defined tunable frequency while preserves input matching, high linearity, in...

A square-law harmonic-rejection mixer (SL-HRM) driven by a sine local oscillator (LO) is proposed for wideband and tunable rejection of all LO harmonics. The key performances including the gain, noise figure (NF), input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3), and harmonic rejection ratio (HRR) with respect to the amplitude and purity of the sine-LO are analyzed. In the circuit level, the S...

Analog multipliers are used for frequency conversion and are critical components in modern radio frequency (RF) systems. RF systems must process analog signals with a wide dynamic range at high frequencies. A mixer converts RF power at one frequency into power at another frequency to make signal processing easier and also inexpensive. A fundamental reason for frequency conversion is to allow am...

Identification of extrahepatic metastases (EHM) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been paradoxically increasing due to an increase in the survival of HCC patients. However, metastasis of HCC to the skeletal muscle tissue is extremely rare. We describe a unique case of HCC metastasizing to the paravertebral muscle. A 55-year-old man with a history of hepatitis B cirrhosis underwent partial l...