Metabolites of androgenic synthetic growth promoters used at confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) pose a demonstrated ecological risk. To evaluate the transport of trenbolone acetate (TBA) metabolites from beef cattle CAFOs, rainfall simulation experiments were conducted at the University of California, Davis, research CAFO. Steroid concentrations in solid and aqueous samples from the res...

BACKGROUND Biotransformation of organic compounds by using microbial whole cells provides an efficient approach to obtain novel analogues which are often difficult to synthesize chemically. In this manuscript, we report for the first time the microbial transformation of a synthetic anabolic steroidal drug, oxymetholone, by fungal cell cultures. RESULTS Incubation of oxymetholone (1) with Macr...

In 2009, companies began screening compounds using the US Environmental Protection Agency's Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). EDSP has two tiers: Tier 1 includes 11 assays to identify compounds with potential endocrine activity. This article describes two laboratories' experiences conducting Tier 1 uterotrophic and Hershberger assays. The uterotrophic assay detects estrogen receptor...

The term ‘conjugated estrogens’ refers to mixtures of at least eight compounds, including sodium estrone sulfate and sodium equilin sulfate, derived wholly or in part from equine urine or synthetically from estrone and equilin. Conjugated estrogens contain as concomitant components the sodium sulfate conjugates of 17α-dihydroequilin, 17β-dihydroequilin, and 17α-estradiol (United States Pharmaco...

In this study, oocyte steroidogenesis are investigated in relation to oocyte development in the starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus, a marine multiple spawner. Vitellogenic (0.52 and 0.55 mm oocyte diameter) and mature oocytes (0.63, 0.66 and 0.71 mm oocyte diameter) were incubated in vitro in the presence of [(3)H]17α-hydevrepoxyprogesterone ([(3)H]17α-OHP) as a precursor. Steroid metabolit...

In the present study, the efficacy of letrozole, a potent nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, and 17α-methyltestosterone on gondal sex differentiation and sex reversal was examined in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Among the doses tried in the experiment, 100 mg letrozole, 200 mg letrozole, and 50 mg 17α-methyltestosterone/kg produced male dominated populations (97-100% males). The...

BACKGROUND A variety of agents have been used to treat female pattern hair loss (FPHL), including topical minoxidil, topical 17α-estradiol, oral anti-androgen agents, and mineral supplements. Compared with these single agent regimens, combination therapies could be a better therapeutic option in expectation of superior treatment outcome. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine the effi...

17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase are enzymes encoded by the CYP17A1 gene and are required for the synthesis of sex steroids and cortisol. In 17α-hydroxylase deficiency, there are low blood levels of estrogens, androgens, and cortisol, and resultant compensatory increases in adrenocorticotrophic hormone that stimulate the production of 11-deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone. In turn, the exces...

the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of two procedures i.e. feeding and immersion followed by feeding, for masculinizing blue hap. two experiments (experiments i and ii) were conducted. in experiment i, feeding hormonal treatment was applied on post-yolk sac stage fry (10 days after fertilization at 27ºc). dosages of 30mg (group a) and 60mg (group b) of 17α-methyltestostero...