Normally, plant phenolics are secondary metabolites involved in the defense mechanisms of plants against fungal pathogens. Therefore, in this study we attempted to quantify and characterize phenolic compounds in leaves of white and red horse chestnut with leaf miner larvae before and after Cameraria ohridella attack. A total of 17 phenolic compounds belonging to the hydroxycinnamic acid, flavan...

Wrightia tinctora is a tree widely used by the peoples of Tamil Nadu as a traditional medicine for pain and inflammations. Latex form the plant especially from leaves is directly applied on inflammation. This plant is very closely related to other species of Wrightia and hence pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical studies of Wrightia tinctoria leaves were carried out.

black bean aphid is widely distributed in the world. it has several hosts from weeds and cultivated plants. this aphid passes the winter as egg on some permanent weeds, box tree and etc. young wingless hatches from the eggs in the spring and the winged aphids after appearance migrate to seed beet fields. after producing some generations, they fly to the various summer hosts such as bean, sugar ...

Grassland degradation due to overgrazing is common in many areas of the world. This study analyzed the potential of the stable carbon isotope (δ(13)C) value as a structural microcosmic index to monitor processes of grassland degradation. The δ(13)C values of plant leaves, roots and soils in non-grazed (NG) and over-grazed (OG) grassland were measured from samples collected from the seven types ...

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of Mg (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mM) in the nutrient solution and shading (0 and 50%) on growth, yield, fruit quality and physiological properties in hydroponically grown cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Nagen 792). With increased Mg concentration in both shaded and unshaded plants, the total plant leaf area and dry weight of...

Leaves of various ages and positions in a plant's canopy can present distinct physiological, morphological and anatomical characteristics, leading to complexities in selecting a single leaf for spectral representation of an entire plant. A fortiori, as growth rates between canopies differ, spectral-based comparisons across multiple plants--often based on leaves' position but not age--becomes an...

The main reasons for the fixation of some elements and consequently nutrient deficiencies, especially phosphorus, iron and zinc, are high levels of calcium (calcareous soils) and soil pH. Two sulfur fertilizers (sulfur alone and sulfur + organic material + Thiobacillus spp.) with two rates (2 and 4 kg sulfur/tree) were used to decrease soil pH and availability of P, Fe and Zn in apple trees dur...