Influenced by globalization, rural transition in developed Western countries has experienced processes of productivism, post-productivism, and multifunctional development. By contrast, most developing been accompanied rapid urbanization, which become a core topic geography research. As the world’s largest country, China undergone profound development since reform opening-up. Moreover, spaces so...

Tourism efficiency is an effective index of measuring the development quality tourism industry. In this study, 30 provinces in China during period from 2006 to 2018 was measured with SBM model and Malmquist index. On basis ESDA GWR models, we explored spatial pattern China’s heterogeneity influencing factors depth. The results revealed that has been constantly enhanced increasingly balanced pat...

Improving agricultural water use efficiency (AWUE) is an important way to solve the shortage of resources in arid and semi-arid regions. This study used Super-DEA (data envelopment analysis) measure AWUE 52 cities Northwest China from 2000 2018. Based on spatial temporal perspectives, it applied Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) explore dynamic evolution regional differences AWUE. A econ...

Abstract Sustainability of maritime operations is a topic widely considered in recent years, as the shipping industry attempts to limit its environmental impact and meet decarbonization goals set by International Maritime Organization (IMO). As alternative fuels newer ship technologies are gaining interest, shift more environmentally friendly fleets quickly becoming reality. In this context, po...

Once the integrated urban-rural development enters a high-quality stage, multiple dimensions would be reflected in population, space, economics, society, and environment, which will further advance sustainable development. An urban rural have shown different features, rules, models amid social systems stages. Therefore, it's urgent to scientifically measure integration level of areas, revealing...

The spatiotemporal patterns of residential and supporting service facilities are critical to effective urban planning. However, with growing sprawl congestion, the spatial distribution evolutionary characteristics these areas show significant uncertainty. This research was conducted for six phases from 2012 2022, incorporating datasets point interest (POI) data transportation (RATFs) OpenStreet...

BACKGROUND What study participants think about the nature of a study has been hypothesised to affect subsequent behaviour and to potentially bias study findings. In this trial we examine the impact of awareness of study design and allocation on participant drinking behaviour. METHODS/DESIGN A three-arm parallel group randomised controlled trial design will be used. All recruitment, screening,...

Agricultural modernization is the most important task of construction. This study used multi-index comprehensive measurement method to estimate agricultural level Shandong Province from 2010 2019. Regional differences were analyzed using ESDA method, and main obstacles diagnosed obstacle degree model. paper constructs an index system, including production a management industrial output benefits...