in this paper, the effects of scintillation phenomena on bit error rate (ber) and signal to noise ratio (snr), which are essential characteristics in free space optical (fso) communication system, are studied. until now various methods have been introduced to decrease ber and increase the link's reliability. optimizing snr is one of the fundamental methods to decrease ber value. intensity fluct...

You need not look far to find a slew of articles, white papers, and research reports describing the vulnerability of voice over IP systems. VoIP systems are vulnerable, but currently, the threat of actual attack to these systems is moderate. New vulnerabilities are being reported at an accelerating rate, such as the one that recently affected Cisco’s Call Manager (http://www.techweb.com/wire/ s...

BACKGROUND Abuse of older people is a serious issue and is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, and professionals will encounter elderly victims of abuse in all areas of the health care system. An important health determinant is behavioral factors, including coping style, which will impact on how older people manage stress and maintain control in their lives, and thereb...

Life is evolving fast (at least in the first world) and the latest technological gadget becomes outdated even before we have learnt how to use it. In this respect, science is no exception. The new buzzword ‘Systems Biology’ entered the vocabulary of the scientific community only a few years ago. Now that every biologist is aware of it and almost everyone seems to be doing it, an even newer buzz...

This paper studies the relationship between word error rate (WER) and keyword error rate (KER) in speech transcripts and their effect on the performance of speech analytics applications. Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are increasingly used as input for speech analytics, which raises the question of whether WER or KER is the more suitable performance metric for calibrating the ASR sy...

Rapid advances in short-read DNA sequencing technologies have revolutionized population genomic studies, but there are genomic regions where this technology reaches its limits. Limitations mostly arise due to the difficulties in assembly or alignment to genomic regions of high sequence divergence and high repeat content, which are typical characteristics for loci under strong long-term balancin...

Rights Copyright (c)1991 IEEE. Reprinted from Electronics Letters, 27(17), 1991, 1571-1573. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of JAIST's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promot...