The structure of a uniform simple liquid is related to that of a reference fluid with purely repulsive intermolecular forces in a self-consistently determined external reference field (ERF) φR. The ERF can be separated into a harshly repulsive part φR0 generated by the repulsive core of a reference particle fixed at the origin and a more slowly varying part φR1 arising from a mean field treatme...

In plant and animal cells, amino-terminal cysteine oxidation controls selective proteolysis via an oxygen-dependent branch of the N-end rule pathway. It remains unknown how the N-terminal cysteine is specifically oxidized. Here we identify plant cysteine oxidase (PCO) enzymes that oxidize the penultimate cysteine of ERF-VII transcription factors by using oxygen as a co-substrate, thereby contro...

Although a number of standards for developing distributed systems (DS) already exist (e.g., RPC, CORBA, DCE, DCOM, Java RMI, Jini), they still lack of abstractions, services and tools for specifying the behavior of a DS. The specification in these enviroimients is limited to the interface, i.e., which are the attributes and methods of distributed objects. We believe that behavioral abstractions...

Keratinocytes in skin epidermis, which have bright cytoplasmic contrast and dark nuclear contrast in reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), were modeled with a simple error function reflectance profile: erf( ). Forty-two example keratinocytes were identified as a training set which characterized the nuclear size a = 8.6±2.8 μm and reflectance gradient b = 3.6±2.1 μm at the nuclear∕cytoplasmic b...

Plants have the ability to show responses against various environmental stresses. It is one of necessities understand stress response mechanisms improve crops productivity and quality, under stressed condition. The AP2/ERF transcription factors are putative candidates that involved in regulation biotic abiotic stress. Most research has been conducted on functional analysis genes many plants; ho...

The event-related potential (ERP) and event-related field (ERF) techniques provide valuable insights into the time course of processes in the brain. Because neural signals are typically weak, researchers commonly filter the data to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. However, filtering may distort the data, leading to false results. Using our own EEG data, we show that acausal high-pass filteri...

PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of a covered retrievable expandable nitinol stent for the treatment of malignant tracheobronchial stricture and/or esophagorespiratory fistula (ERF). MATERIALS AND METHODS With fluoroscopic guidance, stents were placed in 35 symptomatic patients with malignant tracheobronchial stricture and/or ERF in most cases caused by lung or esopha...

The hairy roots (HR) of Ophiorrhiza pumila produce camptothecin (CPT), a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid used as a precursor in the synthesis of chemotherapeutic drugs. O. pumila HR culture is considered as a promising alternative source of CPT, however, the knowledge about the biosynthetic pathway and regulatory mechanism is still limited. In this study, five genes that encode AP2/ERF transcript...

Extraembryonic ectoderm differentiation and chorioallantoic attachment are fibroblast growth factor (FGF)- and transforming growth factor beta-regulated processes that are the first steps in the development of the placenta labyrinth and the establishment of the fetal-maternal circulation in the developing embryo. Only a small number of genes have been demonstrated to be important in trophoblast...

Plants are known to respond to variations in cellular oxygen availability and distribution by quickly adapting the transcription rate of a number of genes, generally associated to improved energy usage pathways, oxygen homeostasis and protection from harmful products of anaerobic metabolism. In terrestrial plants, such coordinated gene expression program is promoted by a conserved subfamily of ...