A battery of psychometric tests was administered to 85 patients with epilepsy, of whom 26 were untreated, 40 received carbamazepine monotherapy and 19 took carbamazepine with another anticonvulsant. Carbamazepine alone had little effect on performance, but carbamazepine polypharmacy produced significant impairment. Increasing concentrations of carbamazepine (four tests) and its active metabolit...

A combination of mandelic acid and N-bromosuccinimide efficiently converts prochiral alkenes into a readily separable 1:1 mixture of the bromomandelates. The diastereomerically pure bromomandelates are then converted into a variety of enantiomerically pure products. Terminal alkenes are converted into enantiomerically pure epoxides. Cyclohexene is converted into enantiomerically pure cis-2-azid...

A synthesis route toward 2-deoxystreptamine, a common structure in many of the clinically important aminoglycosides, is presented. Starting from p-benzoquinone and cyclopentadiene, 2-deoxystreptamine is synthesized with key steps involving Pd(0)-catalyzed rearrangement, a retro-Diels-Alder by flash vacuum thermolysis, and Yb(III)-directed regioselective epoxide opening. The obtained diazidocycl...

Efficient syntheses of four aminocyclitols are reported. Each synthesis is accomplished in eight steps starting from D-(-)-quinic acid. The key step involves a highly regioselective ring opening of epoxides by sodium azide.

Template copolymerization methods have been utilized to prepare porous materials with immobilized cobalt complexes that catalyze the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of epoxides.

Ortho-directed functionalisation of arenes using lithium alkylmagnesate bases were achieved, demonstrating the potential use of arylmagnesates as suitable arylanions, without a further transmetallation step, for challenging functionalizations such as fluorination, hydroxylation, arylation, vinylation and alkylation through epoxide ring-opening.

The mechanism of the hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR) of terminal epoxides was investigated by kinetic analysis using reaction calorimetry. The chiral (salen)Co-X complex (X = OAc, OTs, Cl) undergoes irreversible conversion to (salen)Co-OH during the course of the HKR and thus serves as both precatalyst and cocatalyst in a cooperative bimetallic catalytic mechanism. This insight led to the i...

In the title compound, C(15)H(26)O(3)·H(2)O, a sesquiterpenoid mol-ecule with a germacrene backbone that contains two epoxide groups and one hydroxyl group. Inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the ep-oxy groups and solvent water mol-ecules give rise to an infinite three-dimensional supra-molecular structure.

Framework Ti-substituted, 3-D hexagonal mesoporous, Ti-SBA-12, obtained for the first time by direct hydrothermal synthesis, oxidises bulky molecules such as cyclohexene and cyclooctene to the epoxides with >96% selectivity at high conversion levels (>60%).

The construction of novel (macrocyclic) multinuclear Co(III)salen catalysts is reported. Olefin metathesis has been used as a key construction tool for the multimetallic structures starting from versatile allyl-substituted salen scaffolds. The Co(III) complexes were tested in the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of (rac)-1,2-epoxyhexane and epoxide ring opening reactions using methanol as the nucl...