Betanodavirus is the pathogen of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease that has caused mass mortality among many species of marine fish at larval stage. In this study, the efficacy of inactivated betanodavirus was evaluated by bath-immunization and bath-challenge of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) at early larval stage. Two kinds of chemicals were used for inactivation of the virus...

In Taiwan, the mushroom Antrodia camphorata (AC) is used for medicinal purposes, including cancer prevention and treatment. This study aimed to investigate effect of AC-supplemented diets on innate immunity disease resistance orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides against two bacterial infections—Vibrio alginolyticus Streptococcus iniae. Orange-spotted groupers were fed at 0 (control), 1.5...

The Nakdong River Estuary Barrage (NREB) prevents salt-water intrusion but causes sedimentation problems in the Lower Nakdong River in South Korea. Its mitigation requires mechanical dredging to maintain the flood conveyance capacity during typhoons. This analysis focuses on the possibility of replacing mechanical dredging with sediment flushing through gate operations changes at NREB. The new ...

Nutrient release from the sediments in shallow eutrophic estuaries may counteract reductions of the external nutrient load and prevent or prolong ecosystem recovery. The magnitude and temporal dynamics of this potential source, termed internal nutrient loading, is poorly understood. We quantified the internal nutrient loading driven by microbial mineralization of accumulated organic N (ON) and ...

Heavy metals and organic pollutants were investigated in the Adour estuary (South West France) and associated wetlands using the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) as a bioindicator. Heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, and Ag) were measured in soft tissue of yellow eels. Mercury (total Hg and MeHg) and organochlorinated compounds (7 PCBs, 11 OCPs) were analysed in muscle. Concentrations in muscle were ...

The nuclear phosphoprotein c-Jun is a member of the AP1 family of transcription activating complex, can be induced by various extracellular stimuli such as virus infection. In this study, the c-Jun gene (Ec-c-Jun) was cloned from orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. The full-length Ec-c-Jun cDNA is composed of 2046 bp and encodes a polypeptide of 328 amino acids with 81% identity of ze...