We report the first example of a biofuel cell operating in organic solvents. The cell utilises glucose oxidase and bilirubin oxidase immobilised on nanoporous gold. The power output of the cell decreases with increasing solvent hydrophobicity in the alcohols, methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), 1-propanol (PrOH), 1-butanol (BuOH) and 1-pentanol (PeOH).

The development of new high-power biofuel cells has been limited in the past by slow or indirect charge transfer. In this study, enzymatic cell (EBFC) systems were explored with different materials used to evaluate their applicability as redox mediators. Redox mediators natures have selected for research. Cytochrome c, Chlorophyll a, and supernatant ultrasonically disrupted algae Chlorella vulg...

This study evaluates the pre-treatment of cellulose from kenaf plant to yield sugar precursors for the production of ethanol or butanol for use as biofuel additives. In order to convert the crystalline cellulosic form to the amorphous form that can undergo enzymatic hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond to yield sugars, kenaf pulp samples were subjected to two different pre-treatment processes. In ...

In the present research, activated carbon-supported sulfonic acid catalysts were synthesized and tested as pretreatment agents for conversion of switchgrass into glucose. The by reacting sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic p-toluenesulfonic with carbon. characterization suggested an increase in surface acidities, while area pore volumes decreased because sulfonation. Batch experiments performed 125 ...

At this short review, different chemical production of 3D graphene biocatalysts and developing of its characters by new substituted for using in enzymatic fuel cells are investigated. Also, the current ways of production of 3D Graphene Biocatalysts, different types of substitutes, the best methods for having the highest efficiency, the physical, chemical and biological characters of new biocata...

Amperometric biosensors consisting of oxidase and peroxidase have attracted great attention because of their wide application. The current work demonstrates a novel approach to construct an enzymatic biosensor based on TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiNTs) as a supporting electrode on which Prussian Blue (PB)-an "artificial enzyme peroxidase" and enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) have been immobilized. For t...

Here we report the first membrane-free biofuel cell obtained by using threedimensional carbonaceous foam electrodes. We first developed a new synthetic pathway to produce a new carbonaceous foam electrode material bearing porosity both in the meso and macroporous scale. We proved that by increasing the porosity of our three-dimensional foams we could increase the current density of our modified...

Lignocellulosic biomass holds unlocked potential as biofuel feedstock. By enzymatic digestion or by pyrolysis, the biopolymers that compose plant cell walls are converted into liquid biofuels at the industrial scale. One strategy to increase the efficiency and lower the cost of these conversion processes is the use of genetically modified plants that produce biomass that is more amenable cataly...

To evaluate the biofuel potential of bagasse, an abundant co-product in sugarcane-based industries, the effect of steam explosion on the efficiency of enzymatic saccharification and anaerobic digestion was studied. Bagasse was steam exploded at four different severity levels, and the impact of pretreatment was evaluated by analyzing the release of glucose after enzymatic saccharification with C...

BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass has long been recognized as a potential sustainable source of sugars for biofuels. However, many physicochemical structural and compositional factors inhibit the enzymatic digestibility of the lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, efficient pretreatment method of rice straw (RS) was developed and the RS hydrolysate was applied in the cultivation of microalga...