Ecological risks are characterized by a high degree of uncertainty about the chances unfavorable event outcomes and losses associated with those outcomes. Subjective expert judgment is widely used when baseline data insufficient. This introduces additional uncertainties in results risk analyses. In order to successfully model existing uncertainties, this paper presents methodology for ecologica...

Environmental values and identities, at the personal group level, motivate individuals’ climate actions. Many individuals report having strong environmental self-identities, thus appear personally motivated to support take action. To achieve society-wide action, we argue that it is critical fully use this motivational base for action by, instance, emphasizing benefits of actions reminding peopl...

Missing data are unavoidable in environmental epidemiologic surveys. The aim of this study was to compare methods for handling large amounts of missing values: omission of missing values, single and multiple imputations (through linear regression or partial least squares regression), and a fully Bayesian approach. These methods were applied to the PARIS birth cohort, where indoor domestic pollu...

The New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) Scale is a set of 15 likert questions and is intended to indicate whether an individual holds pro-environmental or weak-environmental beliefs. This paper provide an overview and comparison of three methodologies that may be applied to NEP survey data to identify environmental attitudinal groups: summated score, latent class analysis, and cluster analysis method...

Children in urban and rural parts of the Brazilian Amazon were interviewed in Portuguese on how they understand and value their relationship with the natural environment. Forty-four 5th-grade children (mean age = 13 years, 8 months) participated. Children in both locations were aware of environmental problems, believed that throwing garbage in the Rio Negro harmed various parts of the environme...

Threshold limit values (TLVs) are intended to protect workers from the severest effects of thermal stress and to establish the exposures to heat in working conditions. Earlier, acute heat strokes often occurred as a result of working in hot environments in Japan. However, acute heat strokes recently sometimes occurred in outdoor work environments such as industrial constructions and agriculture...