1. INTRODUCTION. A cycloid is the path traced by a point on the boundary of a circular disk that rolls without slipping along a straight line. It forms a sequence of arches resting on the line, as shown in Figure 1. It is known that the area of the shaded region below one arch is three times the area of the rolling disk. Our analysis shows that the factor 3 reflects a much deeper property of cy...

Abstract According to intentionalism, the semantic reference of uses demonstratives is fixed, at least partly, by speaker’s referential intention. In this paper, I argue against possibility existence a convention sort. My argument placed in Lewisian framework signaling games and consists several steps that correspond four anti-intentionalist arguments, already present literature, have proven in...