WE COMBINED MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY (MEG) AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) TO EXAMINE HOW SENSORY MODALITY, LANGUAGE TYPE, AND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY INTERACT DURING TWO FUNDAMENTAL STAGES OF WORD PROCESSING: (1) an early word encoding stage, and (2) a later supramodal lexico-semantic stage. Adult native English speakers who were learning American Sign Language (ASL) performed a semantic task ...

the present paper investigated the effectiveness of concept mapping as a learning strategy on efl students’ self-regulation (metacognitive self-regulation, time and study environment, effort regulation, peer learning, and help seeking). sixty university students participated in the study. they were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups, each including thirty students. they were a...

This study focused on determining the English language learning strategy adoption and proficiency of respondents in online modular distance modality. examined use Language Learning Strategy terms its six subscales: memory, cognitive, comprehension, metacognitive, affective, social strategies, while level Grade 9 learners reflected from result their grammar test. A descriptive research method de...

the salient, and often ignored, role that out-of-class learning plays in second/foreign language (l2) learners’ development is overshadowed by classroom research. the main aim of this study is to problematize the role of out-of-class learning in the specific english-as-foreign-language (efl) context of iran by examination of the ways in which four learners attempted to revamp their english lang...

The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors of negative attitudes towards learning English from L2 learners’ points of view. A mixed methods research approach was adopted with a sequential exploratory design, followed by an endorsement phase. Eighteen high school students in Fars province (Iran) were interviewed on the sources of negative attitudes towards learning English. Based on...

this study aimed to develop and validate an instrument to evaluate english language teachers’ lesson plan- ning self-concept. to this end, 30 english teachers were asked to prepare a sample lesson plan and 15 of them were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. a tentative questionnaire including six fac- tors namely: classroom management, lesson planning conformity, planning eff...

this qualitative study analyzes the reasons of college students for learning english as a foreign language (efl) in costa rica and the reasons of high school students for learning german as a foreign language (gfl) in the us. it asks to what extent the learners’ reasons align with or deviate from neoliberal discourses that commodify foreign languages. the analysis of 27 interviews in a us high ...