abstract recent studies suggest that prelistening activities play an important role in the development of listening comprehension (e.g. long 1990;chiang and dunkel 1992; schmidt-rinehart 1994; jensen and hansen 1995; robinson et al., 1995; buck, 1995; foster and skehan,1996; teng 1996; robinson, 2001; chang and read 2006). in line with previous studies and to shed light on a new aspect of sche...

Social capital is one of the most important subjects in development economics. It has a crucial role in development process in developing countries. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study about the importance of government size in social capital. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is considering the relationship between government size and social capital in 109 developing countries d...

Background and aims: Formaldehyde (FA) is a colorless toxic gas used as a disinfectant and preservative and known as a carcinogen and strong irritant. Due to its germicidal, preservative and fixative properties, formaldehyde or other chemicals that potentially produce formaldehyde, are used in some cosmetics. OSHA has warned about hair dresser’s exposure to FA higher than thre...

abstract there is not much sources about ancient carnival and ceremonies , but some information can be gain from documents . as a matter of fact the ceremonies were a part of zarartiyan principles which zartosht had taken them to his religion . it should be mentioned that the oldest ceremonies are about poster and agriculture principles this seasonal ceremonies were very important for agri...

abstract global financial crisis has created too many problems in relations among governments. among these problems, the issue of global monetary management, more than every time in the past four decades, has been moved in the center of international economic attentions. a problem which is specially known with the monetary hostility between united states and public republic of china. where ar...

the changes in todays world organization, to the extent that instability can be characterized with the most stable organizations called this afternoon. if you ever change management component, an additional value to the organization was considered, today, these elements become the foundation the organization is survival. the definition of the entrepreneur to identify opportunities to exploit a...