Non-monotonic variation with collision energy ($\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$) of the moments net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to correlation length and susceptibilities system, is suggested as a signature for Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) critical point. We report first evidence non-monotonic kurtosis times variance net-proton (proxy number) function \rootsnn 3.1$\sigma$ sig...

As Phil Anderson noted long ago, frustration can be generally defined by measuring the fluctuations in the coupling energy across a plane boundary between two large blocks of material. Since that time, a number of groups have studied the free energy fluctuations between (putative) distinct spin glass thermodynamic states. While upper bounds on such fluctuations have been obtained, useful lower ...