Endurance athletes rarely compete in the fasted state, as this may compromise fuel stores. Thus, the timing and composition of the pre-exercise meal is a significant consideration for optimizing metabolism and subsequent endurance performance. Carbohydrate feedings prior to endurance exercise are common and have generally been shown to enhance performance, despite increasing insulin levels and ...

We studied the effects of a 38-day endurance exercise training program on leucine turnover and substrate metabolism during a 90-min exercise bout at 60% peak O(2) consumption (VO(2 peak)) in 6 males and 6 females. Subjects were studied at both the same absolute (ABS) and relative (REL) exercise intensities posttraining. Training resulted in a significant increase in whole body VO(2 peak) and sk...

Purpose We investigated the effects of endurance training on the expression of long-chain fatty acid transport proteins in the skeletal muscle and whole-body fat oxidation during endurance exercise. Methods Seven-week-old male ICR mice (n = 12) were divided into 2 groups, namely, Sed (sedentary; non-trained) and Tr (endurance-trained) groups. The Tr group was adapted to treadmill training at ...

Free fatty acids represent an important source of energy during endurance exercise. Plasmatic fatty acids are delivered to skeletal muscle as free fatty acids bounded to albumin or associated to triacylglycerol (TAG) found in lipoproteins. However, besides these plasmatic sources, hydrolysis of intramuscular TAG also contributes to increase fatty acids availability during endurance exercise. Th...

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in fat metabolism between visceral fat obese (VF-Ob) and abdominal subcutaneous obese (SF-Ob) men during "high-intensity endurance exercise". Fourteen obese (body mass index >25 kg/m(2)) men were classified into two groups according to visceral fat area using computed tomography; i.e., VF-Ob (n = 7; mean age, 52.0 ± 2.5 year) and ...

introduction: cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction, is associated with progressive ventricular dysfunction and cardiovascular death. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of endurance exercise training on morphological changes in rat heart tissue following experimental myocardial infarction. materials and methods: rats used in this experiment (8-10 weeks old, 235 ± 5 g b...

Endurance exercise has been shown to improve metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes; however, the physiological and molecular mechanisms for these benefits are not completely understood. Although endurance exercise has been shown to decrease lipogenesis, promote fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and increase mitochondrial biosynthesis in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver, its effects on in...

objective(s): previous studies showed that skeletal muscle microcirculation was reduced in chronic heart failure. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on capillary and arteriolar density of fast and slow twitch muscles in rats with chronic heart failure. materials and methods: four weeks after surgeries (left anterior descending (lad) artery occlusion), chr...

In order to study oxygen consumption (VO2) for a given work load at the exhaustive level of a graded cycling exercise in well-trained runners, a progressive cycle ergometer exercise test was performed on 9 sprinters and 12 endurance runners, all in good national standing; 12 sedentary men served as control subjects. The relationship between VO2 and work-output appeared to be linear in most of t...