BACKGROUND Endoscopic trans-sphenoidal surgery has been increasingly replacing microscopic surgery as the state of the art trans-sphenoidal approach. OBJECTIVE OF REVIEW To assess the efficacy and safety of pure endoscopic approach in comparison with microscopic approach in pituitary surgery. TYPE OF REVIEW Literature review and meta-analysis. SEARCH STRATEGY Systematic literature searche...

BACKGROUND To determine the effect of intranasal sodium hyaluronate on mucociliary clearance time following functional endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with nasal polyposis. STUDY DESIGN Randomized, controlled, blinded study. METHODS Thirty-six patients with grade II nasal polyposis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery received intranasal sodium hyaluronate 9 mg twice daily or...

Ongoing technological development combined with better understanding of endoscopic anatomy has made posterolateral endoscopic discectomy an appealing surgical option for the management of herniated lumbar disc. We evaluated clinical outcomes, complication rates, and surgical learning curve with the percutaneous posterolateral transforaminal endoscopic discectomy technique (PPTED). PPTED was per...

Surgical treatment of the degenerative disc disease has evolved from traditional open spine surgery to minimally invasive spine surgery including endoscopic spine surgery. Constant improvement in the imaging modality especially with introduction of the magnetic resonance imaging, it is possible to identify culprit degenerated disc segment and again with the discography it is possible to diagnos...

Endoscopic spine surgery is a burgeoning component of the minimally invasive surgeon's armamentarium. The goals invasive, and likewise endoscopic, include providing equivalent or better patient outcomes compared to conventional open surgery, while minimizing soft tissue disruption, blood loss, postoperative pain, recovery time, time return normal activities. A multitude indications for utilizat...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS This study is a review of the treatment outcomes of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) specifically comparing endoscopic, endoscopic-assisted, and open surgical approaches. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review of studies using the MEDLINE database. METHODS A systematic review of studies on JNA from 1990 to 2012 was conducted. A search for articles related to JNA, alo...

Various surgical techniques, such as endoscopic surgery and robotic surgery, are developed to optimize the esthetic outcome even in operations for malignancy. A modified face-lift or retroauricular approach are used to minimize postoperative scarring. Recently, robot-assisted surgery is being done in various fields and considered as favorable treatment method by many surgeons. However its high ...

Inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses are uncommon neoplasms, characterized by their tendency to occur and by their association with malignancy. In the past decade there has been a trend toward the use of endoscopic surgical techniques in the management of these tumors. This article presents the results of a prospective study of 24 patients with inverted papilloma resected by th...

Endoscopic surgery was developed in the 1970s and 1980s, with initial work conducted by pioneering surgeons. After the development of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the breakthrough of endoscopic surgery had a great effect on all surgical specialties. Starting with rather simple procedures, such as cholecystectomy, a rapid progression toward more complex procedures, such as reflux or colonic sur...

For the treatment of pituitary tumors, microscopic transsphenoidal surgery has been considered the "gold standard" since the late 1960s. Over the last two decades, however, a worldwide shift towards endoscopic endonasal surgery is in progress for many reasons. These include a wide panoramic view, improved illumination, an ability to look around anatomical corners using angled tip and, in additi...