3-Iodo-4-(2'-methylcyclohexyloxy)-6-phenethylpyridin-2(1H)-ones, as effective non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, were synthesized and resolved with different configurations. Biological results revealed that the trans-racemate 2b exhibited more potent activity than the cis-isomers. Noticeably, the trans-(S,S)-enantiomer 2e turned out to be significantly more potent than its counter...

The oxidative oligomerization of a chiral mandelamide derivative (N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)mandelamide, 1) was performed in the presence of horseradish peroxidase, laccase and N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine-iron(II) to obtain chiral oligophenols 2. The low enantioselectivity of the enzymatic catalyzed asymmetric enantiomer-differentiating oligomerizations was investigated. In addition, the poo...

Recent advances in monolithic systems, especially the development of functionalized monoliths, make it more tentative for separation science, such as enantiomer separation. Proteins, as one category of well-acknowledged chiral selectors, have won a reputation of separating a wide range of enantiomeric mixtures due to varieties of functional groups at their surface. However, the combination of p...

The enantiomeric and diastereomeric profiling of chiral pharmaceuticals (ephedrine, norephedrine, atenolol and venlafaxine) and illicit drugs (amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA)) was undertaken over a period of fourteen consecutive days in three wastewater treatment pla...

1. When (+/-)-8-aza-d-homo-oestrone 3-methyl ether was added to a culture of Aspergillus ochraceus, the laevo-rotatory enantiomer is reduced to a 17A alcohol. Thus (+/-)-8-aza-d-homo-oestrone 3-methyl ether has been resolved into both its components, the laevo-rotatory enantiomer being obtained by chromic acid oxidation of the alcohol, and the dextro-rotatory enantiomer as residual precursor fr...

BACKGROUND Pramipexole exists as two isomers. The S(-) enantiomer is a potent D3/D2 receptor agonist and is extensively used in the management of PD. In contrast, the R(+) enantiomer is virtually devoid of any of the DA agonist effects. Very limited studies are available to characterize the pharmacological spectrum of the R(+) enantiomer of pramipexole. RESULTS Using differentiated SH-SY5Y ne...

The fungus Cunninghamella elegans was used as a microbial model of mammalian metabolism to biotransform the tetracyclic antidepressant drug mirtazapine, which is manufactured as a racemic mixture of R(-)- and S(+)-enantiomers. In 168 h, C. elegans transformed 91% of the drug into the following seven metabolites: 8-hydroxymirtazapine, N-desmethyl-8-hydroxymirtazapine, N-desmethylmirtazapine, 13-...

We report an unusual case of respiratory depression and prolonged apnea after a single, 50-mg intravenous dose of tramadol. Shortly after an uneventful surgery and anesthesia, the patient was administered intravenous tramadol. Soon after the tramadol injection, the patient became apneic, did not respond to verbal command, and started exhibiting oxygen desaturation. He was quickly administered 1...

The destructive resolution of (6aR,S)-glaucine (Ic) was accomplished by oxidation of the (6aS)-(+)-enantiomer (Ia), using Fusarium solani ATCC 12823 to yield the unnatural alkaloid (6aR)-(-)-glaucine (Ib). Eighteen cultures were examined for their ability to metabolize the (6aR)-(-)-enantiomer (Ib), and Aspergillus flavipes ATCC 1030 was found to catalyze the stereoselective oxidation of this s...

The present study aimed to examine the enantiomer-selective pharmacokinetics (PK), relative bioavailability (Frel), and sex effects of various oral dosage forms of racemic alpha-lipoic acid (ALA). In an open-label, randomized, four-period, four-sequence crossover study, 24 healthy adult subjects (12 males and 12 females) received single doses of 600 mg of ALA in fasted state at four different o...