Molar crown morphology varies among primates from relatively simple in some taxa to more complex in others, with such variability having both functional and taxonomic significance. In addition to the primary cusps, crown surface complexity derives from the presence of crests, cuspules, and crenulations. Developmentally, this complexity results from the deposition of an enamel cap over a basemen...

The effects of different pH conditions on enamel erosion repair by nano fluorapatite (n-FA) pastes were evaluated in this study. Eighteen human dental enamel blocks with artificially-induced erosion were randomly divided into three groups that were coated with n-FA pastes with 3 different pH values (pH < 1, pH = 4.5 and pH = 7.5, respectively) for 15 minutes. SEM, XRD, XPS, Vickers microhardnes...

AIM The aim of this study was to observe dentine and enamel surfaces of deciduous teeth under SEM after cavity preparation with Er:YAG laser using different fluences. The results showed that when using Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation in deciduous teeth, no carbonisation or cracks were observed on the enamel and dentine surfaces using energy output between 150-250 Mj, and frequency 15 Hz. Th...

This study describes the three-dimensional features of enamel prisms and their arrangement in dog teeth. Tangential semithin sections of demineralized tooth germ were serially cut from the enamel surface to the enamel-dentin junction. Straight rows of enamel prisms parallel or perpendicular to the meridian were selected at the enamel-dentin junction; these prisms were reconstructed from microgr...

AIM Casein phosphopeptide stabilised amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) has been shown to remineralise enamel subsurface lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a paste containing 10% CPP-ACP (Toothmousse; GC) on enamel surface microhardness in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty enamel blocks (3x2 mm) were prepared for the study group from the buccal surface of ex...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of laser irradiation on the enamel surface spectroscopically. Polished bovine enamel surface was irradiated with an Er:YAG laser apparatus and chemically analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS detected core electron peaks such as carbon (C 1s) and nitrogen (N 1s), as well as calcium (Ca 2s, Ca 2p, Ca 3s, Ca 3p), phospho...

This in situ study assessed the effect of different times of salivary exposure on the rehardening of acid-softened enamel. Bovine enamel blocks were subjected in vitro to a short-term acidic exposure by immersion in 0.05 M (pH 2.5) citric acid for 30 s, resulting in surface softening. Then, 40 selected eroded enamel blocks were randomly assigned to 10 volunteers. Intraoral palatal appliances co...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of etching time with 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the enamel surface destruction by studying the resulting roughness and erosion depth. METHODS The vestibular surfaces of 12 extracted, caries free human incisors were divided into four quadrants, and each quadrant was etched with 15% HCl for different numbers of etching cycles...

INTRODUCTION Therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances starts with bracket bonding and ends with debonding of brackets, leaving enamel surface varied. Objective The aim of this pilot study was to examine enamel surface before and after debonding of orthodontic brackets by the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). METHODS Epoxy replicas of four patients' premolars indicated for therapy wi...

OBJECTIVES Detailed clinical quantification of optical properties of developmental defect of enamel is possible with spectrophotometric evaluation. Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are daily encountered in clinical practice. DDE are an alteration in quality and quantity of the enamel, caused by disruption and/or damage to the enamel organ during amelogenesis. METHODS Several clinical ind...