The occurrence of emphysema in people deficient in alphai-antltrypsin and the production of emphysema in experimental animals with elastolytic enzymes suggest proteolysis as a mechanism for the development of emphysema. To investigate the possible role of pulmonary alveolar macrophages in the pathogenesis of emphysema, we measured elastase, acid protease, and elastaselike esterase activities in...

Subcutaneous and scrotal emphysema are rare complications of suprapubic cystostomy. We present here a rare case of an 81-year-old man with colovesical fistula who had severe subcutaneous and scrotal emphysema after percutaneous suprapubic cystostomy was performed. We inserted a new Foley catheter via the urethra, removed the suprapubic cystostomy and incised his scrotal emphysema for open drain...

PURPOSE Because both emphysema and lung cancer can arise from biological damage caused by cigarette smoking, we investigated if the development of emphysema is associated with the clinical features of smoker's lung cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The subjects were a consecutive series of 100 smokers who underwent lobectomy with hilar and mediastinal dissection for clinical stage I non-small cell ...

The subcutaneous cervicofacial emphysema is a rare and serious disease. There is a wide variety of etiologic factors for subcutaneous cervicofacial emphysema. As an maitrisable factor, the use of hydrogen peroxide 3% as an irrigant to newly operated tissue plans may cause emphysema. We report here a case with iatrojenic cervicofacial emphysema, occurred after the irrigation of hydrogen peroxide...

BACKGROUND Studies of the relation between the severity of structural change in emphysema and physiological abnormality have been based on macroscopic assessments, which have not been truly quantitative or sensitive enough to detect early changes. With a highly reproducible method for measuring emphysema using histological sections and a semiautomatic image analysis system, this quantitative as...

The pathological hallmarks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are inflammation of the small airways (bronchiolitis) and destruction of lung parenchyma (emphysema). The functional consequence of these abnormalities is airflow limitation. Airway abnormalities and emphysema interact in a complex fashion in the development of airflow limitation in COPD. In an attempt to improve underst...

Simultaneous morphometric studies of parenchymal loss and of internal diameters of membranous bronchioles' were carried out at autopsy in 42 cases of chronic nonspecific lung disease. In a few cases, a bronchial cast of the right lung was made according to the slightly modified Tompsett's method with the use of resin. The quantitative data were assessed in four anatomic groups: panlobular emphy...

PURPOSE To report a rare case of periorbital emphysema concurrent with cervicofacial and mediastinal emphysema in an elderly woman who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for chronic liver disease. CASE REPORT An elderly woman with decompensated chronic liver disease presented with features of periorbital, facial, and mediastinal emphysema, characterized with crepitant swelling over th...

Les auteurs rapportent chez deux nourrissons, l'etude anatomo-clinique d'un cas de kystes alveolaires multiples,et d'un cas d'emphyseme lobaire congenital bilateral.Le troisieme cas concerne un kyste bronchog6nique du poumon gauche,decouvert a l'autopsie d'un nouveau-ne. Dans le quatrieme cas,un emphyseme geant du lobe superieur gauche,decouvert dans un contexte infectieux,a l'age de neuf mois,...

Before discussing the pathogenesis and clinical aspects of this disease, clarification of some of the pertinent terminological definitions may be in order. Hypertrophic emphysema is the most commonly used designation of this disease. Also, it is known under the following names: genuine emphysema, idiopathic emphysema, diffuse vesicular emphysema, obstructive emphysema, dystrophlc emphysema, pul...