The epidermis is often considered to be the growthlimiting cell layer in young, growing herbaceous plants (Niklas, 1992). In his classic work, Green (1980) elaborated this idea further for organ development, and attributed a crucial role to the orientation of cellulose fibrils as indicator of mechanical properties. A factual proof for a relation between the mean cellulose orientation and mechan...

Auxin and ethylene have been largely reported to reduce root elongation in maize primary root. However the effects of auxin are greater than those caused by ethylene. Although auxin stimulates ethylene biosynthesis through the specific increase of ACC synthase, the auxin inhibitory effect on root elongation is not mediated by the auxin-induced increase of ethylene production. Recently it has be...

this research was conducted at torogh agricultural research station in khorasan-e razavi province to determine the impact of irrigation cutoff at different growth stages and percentage of water use on the yield and water use efficiency (wue) of wheat cultivars using sprinkler irrigation. the study was done from 2006-2008. the experimental design was a randomized complete block design with a str...

The conserved multi-subunit Elongator complex was initially described as a RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) associated transcription elongation factor, but since has been shown to be involved a variety of different cellular activities. Here, we summarize recent developments in the field and discuss the resulting implications for the proposed multi-functionality of Elongator.

An isolated Fusarium anthophilum (A. Braun) Wollenweber (isolate 16C) has been considered as a candidate for microbial control of barnyard grass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv]. The effects of nutrition on conidiation, germination rate and germ-tube elongation of conidia of the fungus were evaluated. Conidia yield, conidial germination and conidial germ-tube elongation of the fungus grow...

This study was conducted to assess the effects of irrigation and plant growth promoting bactera on seed yield and qualitative characteristics of Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) at the Experimental Station of the Research Institute of Forest and Rangeland, Damavan region, Iran. A split-plot experimental design, based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, was used. I...

Background: Edible film is a food packaging that can be eaten directly and have protection function of outside contamination. The purpose of this research is to know how about the effect of using a glycerol plasticizer to film whey-konjac edible films that enriched with clove essential oil. Methods: A completely randomized design was used by different clove essential oil including P10, 0% clov...

Regulation of cell growth and cell division plays fundamental roles in tissue morphogenesis. However, the mechanisms of regulating tissue elongation through cell growth and cell division are still not well understood. The wing imaginal disc of Drosophila provides a model system that has been widely used to study tissue morphogenesis. Here we use a recently developed two-dimensional cellular mod...