We present a miniature haptic module based on electrorheological fluid, designed for conveying combined stiffness and vibrotactile sensations at small scale. Haptic feedback is produced through fluid’s controllable resistive force varies with the actuator’s deformation. To demonstrate proposed in realistic applications, method measuring deformation must be implemented active control. this end, ...

Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized via an oxidative coupling polymerization in acid condition and dedoped in ammonium hydroxide solution. Rheological properties of the PANI/silicone oil suspensions were investigated in the oscillatory shear mode to explore the effects of electric field strength, particle concentration, and host fluid viscosity on electrorheological (ER) characteristics. The PAN...

We have developed a multiple image method to compute the interparticle force for a polydisperse electrorheological (ER) fluid. We apply the formalism to a pair of dielectric spheres of different dielectric constants and calculate the force as a function of the separation. The results show that the point-dipole (PD) approximation errs considerably because many-body and multipolar interactions ar...

The surface roughness and material removal is investigated in electrorheological (ER) fluid-assisted polishing of tungsten carbide die. In this study, the microstructure of fibrous columns formed by particles perpendicular to the electrodes is observed by CCD when the electrical field is applied. The distribution of the electric field strength on the surface of workpiece was analyzed by ANSYS a...

The usual approach to the development of new nonlinear dielectric materials focuses on the search for materials in which the components possess an inherently large nonlinear dielectric response. In contrast, based on thermodynamics, we have presented a first-principles approach to obtain the electrostriction-induced effective third-order nonlinear susceptibility for electrorheological (ER) flui...

We report Brownian Dynamics simulation results for the relative permittivity of electrorheological (ER) fluids in an applied electric field. The ER fluid can be calculated from Clausius-Mosotti (CM) equation small field limit. When a strong is applied, however, spheres are organized into chains and assemblies which case polarized not only by external but each other. This manifests itself enhanc...