Anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) usually involves the intravenous (IV) administration of drugs such as methohexital, thiopental, propofol, etomidate, or ketamine. Sevoflurane is an inhalational anesthetic agent that has been available past 3 decades. Although many studies have examined sevoflurane in context ECT, treatment guidelines make either no mention only passing its potenti...

The effects of intravenous lignocaine and atropine in preventing cardiac arrhythmias were evaluated in forty-five psychiatric patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. During the electrical shock a more prolonged asystole was observed in the lignocaine than in the atropine group. During the tonic-donic seizure ventricular extrasystoles appeared in six atropinized patients. During the postc...

background: it is estimated that major depression disorders constitute 8.2% of years lived with disability (ylds) globally. the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) and electroconvulsive therapy (ect) are two relative common interventions to treat major depressive disorders, especially for treatment resistant depression. in this study the cost- effectiveness and cost-utility of r...