In this paper we report measurements concerning the conductivity of water and ions and the interaction between the two in excised pieces of xylem of red maple stems under various conditions. We have also demonstrated that it is possible to detect the flow of solutions through the stems of maple by measuring the degree of interaction between the flow of water and ions. In this technique we apply...

2 Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China. 3 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected] With the development of new emerging technologies, many objects in scientific research and engineering are of sub-micrometer and nanometer size, such as microelectronics, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), bio...

Summarize the work performed during the project period This project was successfully completed with all proposed objectives having been met. In addition to conducting the electro-coagulation (EC) work, the project team developed another new manure fiber treatment and phosphorus recovery technology that is potentially more economically viable and that is now patented, licensed, and undergoing co...

     Indirect measurement of soil electrical conductivity (EC) has become a major data source in spatial/temporal monitoring of soil salinity. However, in many cases, the weak correlation between direct and indirect measurement of EC has reduced the accuracy and performance of the predicted maps. The objective of this research was to estimate soil EC based on a general linear model via using se...

Nowadays the preservation of the planet is spreading into the international scene with the use of renewable energy sources such as bioethanol. The challenge is to guarantee the quality of produced bioethanol, and the electrolytic conductivity (EC) is one of the specified parameters for this purpose. However, is necessary to demonstrate the metrological traceability of the measurement results fo...

soil salinity is one of the problems threatening agricultural lands. parts of this phenomenon are related to geologic formations and saltpans, while some major factors are resulted from irrelevant agricultural activities, issue of irrigation, and improper cultivation systems which lead to increase in soil salinity. to avoid such consequences that would end up with ecosystem degradation, suitabl...

Layers of ethylene carbonate (EC) modified CuI/PVA polymer composites were prepared by growth of CuI nano-particles in an aqueous solution of PVA followed by casting at room temperature. The structural, thermal, optical, electrical and di-electrical characterization of polymer composites was investigated using different techniques. These investigations confirm the growth of CuI nano-particles a...

We present a micro-electro-mechanical system-based experimental technique to measure thermal conductivity of freestanding ultra-thin films of amorphous silicon nitride (Si3N4) as a function of mechanical strain. Using a combination of infrared thermal micrography and multi-physics simulation, we measured thermal conductivity of 50 nm thick silicon nitride films to observe it decrease from 2.7 W...

Ibuprofen (IBU), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is one of the most widely used and frequently detected pharmaceuticals personal care products in water bodies. This study examined IBU degradation aquatic solutions via ferric ion activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) coupled with electro-oxidation (EC/Fe3+/PDS). The mechanisms involved three synergistic reactions EC/Fe3+/PDS system, including: ...