spatial distribution of electric field amplitude has an essential role in laser-induced damagemulti-layer coating. a new method introduced in this paper to reduce the electric field intensityeffectively within the high index layers in multi-layer reflectors that are irradiated by high power lasers.the design is based on specific non-quarter wave pairs, assuming the number of layers is held cons...

A material would polarize, or carry a current under an external electric field, P = χeE (1) j = σE. If the electric field is not too strong, then the electric susceptibility and the conductivity are independent of the electric field. They only depend on the material properties in the absence of the electric field (in equilibrium). This type of response is called the linear response. The average...

Mathematical models of electrostatic actuation have been developed since the 1960’s, beginning with the work of G.I. Taylor, and are of great utility in a number of engineering systems. They are of particular use in the field of microand nanoelectromechanical systems, where models have typically dealt with planar geometries. Here, we extend the theory of electrostatic actuation to a non-planar ...

Phase transitions occur in various systems in electric field. To treat such problems we need to construct a Ginzburg-Landau free energy including electrostatic interactions and electric field effects under each given boundary condition.1) The gross variables include the order parameter ψ, the polarization p, and the charge density ρ. (Note ψ = p in ferroelectric systems.) In this letter we pres...

Theoretical studies show that surface reconstruction in some crystals involves splitting the surface atomic layer into two-upper and lower-sublayers consisting of atoms with only positive or only negative effective electric charges, respectively. In a macroscopic crystal with an almost infinite surface, the electric field induced by such a surface-dipole is practically totally concentrated betw...

The mean-field dynamics of an electric dipole moment in a deterministic and a fluctuating electric field is solved to obtain the average over fluctuations of the dipole moment and the angular momentum as a function of time for a Gaussian white-noise stochastic electric field. The components of the average electric dipole moment and the average angular momentum along the deterministic electric-f...

Power measurement systems, such as Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) structures, require installation of special voltage and current instrument transformers connected to the energized conductor to collect data from the power line. While non-contacting methods of current monitoring are already well known and implemented, the contactless voltage monitoring is still lacking. This paper describes a tun...

Static electric fields are found throughout the environment and there is growing interest in how electric fields influence insect behaviour. Here we have analysed the locomotory behaviour of cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) in response to static electric fields at levels equal to and above those found in the natural environment. Walking behaviour (including velocity, distance moved, turn ang...

Abstract: The application of electric field theory to widely different aspects of electrical insulation has led to more understanding the phenomena. Electric fields may be considered as the main reason for insulation failure. The purpose of this paper is to modify importance of analyzing electric field in insulation design. The SF6 circuit breaker is chosen as case study that encounters cri...